Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología Animal, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, Valencia 46022, Spain.
Laboratorio de Salud Pública de Valencia-FISABIO, Avda. de Catalunya 21, Valencia 46020, Spain.
Food Chem. 2022 Oct 30;392:133218. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.133218. Epub 2022 May 14.
The transfer of 35 antibiotics from milk to curd and whey was evaluated. Cheeses were produced at laboratory scale, from antibiotic-free goat's milk spiked with different antibiotic concentrations between 0.25 and 4 times the Maximum Residue Limits established in milk. Drug concentrations in milk, curd and whey were analysed by UHPLC-HRMS. Results indicated that most antibiotics were mainly transferred from milk to whey (up to 85.9%), with retention percentages in the curd lower than 50%, except for ceftiofur (59.7%) and dicloxacillin (52.8%). In most cases, drug distribution was unaffected by the antibiotic concentration in milk and correlated significantly to the drug lipophilicity (Log P) for β-lactams (R = 0.54) and sulfonamides (R = 0.62). When drug ionization was considered (Log D), improved correlation coefficients were obtained for macrolides (R = 0.98). However, other factors besides the drug solubility should be considered to explain and predict the partitioning of antibiotics during cheese-making.
研究了 35 种抗生素从奶到凝乳和乳清的转移情况。在实验室规模下，用不含抗生素的山羊奶生产奶酪，奶中添加了不同浓度的抗生素，浓度范围为最大残留限量（MRL）的 0.25 至 4 倍。用超高效液相色谱-高分辨质谱（UHPLC-HRMS）分析奶、凝乳和乳清中的药物浓度。结果表明，大多数抗生素主要从奶转移到乳清（高达 85.9%），凝乳中的保留率低于 50%，除头孢噻呋（59.7%）和双氯西林（52.8%）外。在大多数情况下，药物分布不受奶中抗生素浓度的影响，与β-内酰胺类（R=0.54）和磺胺类药物（R=0.62）的药物亲脂性（Log P）显著相关。当考虑药物离解（Log D）时，大环内酯类药物的相关系数得到了改善（R=0.98）。然而，除了药物溶解度之外，还应该考虑其他因素来解释和预测抗生素在奶酪制作过程中的分配情况。
