脐血造血干细胞移植术后患者发生与导管相关的血流分枝杆菌沃氏感染：1 例病例报告。
Catheter-related bloodstream Mycobacterium wolinskyi infection in an umbilical cord blood transplant recipient: a case report.
机构信息
Department of Infectious Diseases, Japanese Red Cross Narita Hospital, 90-1 Iidacho, Narita, Chiba, Japan.
Department of Infectious Diseases, Kameda Medical Center, Kamogawa, Chiba, Japan.
出版信息
BMC Infect Dis. 2022 Jun 4;22(1):520. doi: 10.1186/s12879-022-07495-z.
BACKGROUND
Catheter-related bloodstream infection (CRBSI), caused by rapidly growing mycobacteria (RGM), is a rare infectious complication in hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) recipients and can often be misdiagnosed as Gram-positive rod (GPR) bacteremia.
CASE PRESENTATION
We present a case of CRBSI caused by Mycobacterium wolinskyi, a rare RGM, in a 44-year-old female patient who received an umbilical cord blood transplant.
CONCLUSIONS
Rapidly growing mycobacteria can stain as GPRs and may grow in routine blood culture media after 3-4 days of incubation. These features are not widely known to clinicians, and acid-fast staining is therefore recommended when unidentifiable GPRs are detected in blood cultures, especially in immunocompromised patients, such as those with hematologic malignancies or intravascular devices.
背景
由快速生长分枝杆菌（RGM）引起的导管相关血流感染（CRBSI）是造血干细胞移植（HSCT）受者中一种罕见的感染性并发症，常被误诊为革兰阳性杆菌（GPR）菌血症。
病例介绍
我们报告了一例由罕见的 RGM 沃尔氏分枝杆菌引起的 CRBSI 病例，患者为 44 岁女性，接受了脐带血移植。
结论
快速生长分枝杆菌可被染成 GPR 外观，且在常规血培养 3-4 天后可能在培养物中生长。这些特征不为临床医生广泛知晓，因此当血培养中出现无法识别的 GPR 时，建议进行抗酸染色，特别是在免疫功能低下的患者中，如患有血液系统恶性肿瘤或血管内装置的患者。
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