[神经质、存在意义与自我强化。青少年罪犯与非罪犯的比较研究]

[Neuroticism, existential purpose and self-reinforcement of the ego. Comparative study of delinquents and non-delinquents].

作者信息

Addad M, Bénézech M

出版信息

Ann Med Psychol (Paris). 1986 Sep-Oct;144(8):777-89.

Abstract

This research attempts to examine a possible connection between neuroticism (level of anxiety) and the meaning of life. A research population composed of 446 people of whom 140 were imprisoned criminals and 306 were non-criminals, was examined. A significant negative correlation was found between the meaning of life and neuroticism, which means that the higher the neuroticism is the lower the meaning of life is. This negative connection was stronger for the criminal group which on the average had a lower score for the meaning of life. According to these results, the processes allowing a positive meaning of life can diminish the effects of psychogenic anxiety. No connection was found between extraversion and the meaning of life. Likewise, socionomic factors did not influence the negative correlation between neuroticism and the meaning of life. In specific cases we found that criminal solutions could be a substitute for the meaning of life.

摘要

本研究试图探讨神经质（焦虑水平）与生活意义之间可能存在的联系。研究对象为446人，其中140人为被监禁罪犯，306人为非罪犯。研究发现生活意义与神经质之间存在显著的负相关，这意味着神经质水平越高，生活意义越低。这种负相关在犯罪群体中更为强烈，该群体的生活意义平均得分较低。根据这些结果，赋予生活积极意义的过程可以减轻心因性焦虑的影响。外向性与生活意义之间未发现联系。同样，社会经济因素也未影响神经质与生活意义之间的负相关。在特定案例中，我们发现犯罪行为可能是对生活意义的一种替代。