Bezerra Glécia Lemos, Carvalho Fernando Martins, Fernandes Rita de Cássia Pereira, Santos Kionna Oliveira Bernardes
Federal University of Bahia, Postgraduate Program in Health, Enviroment, and Work - Salvador - Bahia - Brazil.
Sleep Sci. 2022 Jan-Mar;15(1):34-40. doi: 10.5935/1984-0063.20210027.
Within the prison environment, where strict surveillance and prompt decision-taking are essential to maintain security, poor sleep may be hazardous to correctional officers. This study aims to estimate the prevalence of and identify factors associated with severe sleep disorders in correctional officers.
An exploratory cross-sectional study comprised all correctional officers in a prison complex in Salvador city, Brazil. Information about sleep quality, sociodemographic and occupational aspects, lifestyle habits, and common mental disorders (self-reporting questionnaire-20 score ≥7 points) were collected via a self-administered questionnaire. Severe sleep disorder was defined as a score ≥31 points according to the mini sleep questionnaire. The measure of association used was the prevalence ratio (PR). Prevalence ratios were estimated by using a Cox multivariate regression model. The final adjusted model only included the variables that presented a prevalence ratio ≥1.20.
The prevalence of severe sleep disorders in the 374 correctional officers was 55.3%, and was strongly (prevalence ratio ≥1.20) associated with number of stressful activities at work (RPs=1.24, 1.19, and 1.17), number of attack and threat events against the correctional officers over the last 12 months (RPs showing gradient, 1.11, 1.24, and 1.41), common mental disorders (RP=2,24), and non-White skin color (RP=1,37).
This study found high prevalence of severe sleep disorders in correctional officers, associated with impairment of their mental health, skin color, and, particularly, with situations of stress and violence at work. These factors must be taken into account when planning and providing health care to these workers.
在监狱环境中，严格的监管和迅速的决策对于维护安全至关重要，睡眠不足可能对惩教人员构成危险。本研究旨在估计惩教人员中严重睡眠障碍的患病率，并确定与之相关的因素。
一项探索性横断面研究涵盖了巴西萨尔瓦多市一个监狱综合体的所有惩教人员。通过自填问卷收集有关睡眠质量、社会人口学和职业方面、生活方式习惯以及常见精神障碍（自我报告问卷-20得分≥7分）的信息。根据简易睡眠问卷，严重睡眠障碍定义为得分≥31分。所使用的关联度量是患病率比（PR）。患病率比通过Cox多变量回归模型进行估计。最终调整模型仅纳入了患病率比≥1.20的变量。
374名惩教人员中严重睡眠障碍的患病率为55.3%，并且与工作中的压力活动数量（PRs=1.24、1.19和1.17）、过去12个月内针对惩教人员的攻击和威胁事件数量（PRs呈梯度变化，1.11、1.24和1.41）、常见精神障碍（PR=2.24）以及非白人肤色（PR=1.37）密切相关（患病率比≥1.20）。
本研究发现惩教人员中严重睡眠障碍的患病率很高，这与他们的心理健康、肤色有关，特别是与工作中的压力和暴力情况有关。在为这些工作人员规划和提供医疗保健时，必须考虑这些因素。
