Haque Md Nazmul, Saroar Mustafa, Fattah Md Abdul, Morshed Syed Riad
Department of Urban and Regional Planning, Khulna University of Engineering and Technology, Khulna, Bangladesh.
Heliyon. 2022 May 24;8(5):e09535. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09535. eCollection 2022 May.
Nature-based solutions for urban problems gaining popularity globally. The well-functioning ecosystem could offer a nature-based solution to many urban problems including water, drainage and flooding problems. Therefore, conservation and restoration of urban blue ecosystem components such as pond scape are crucial. This research taking Khulna city of Bangladesh as a case has examined the low-income fringe community's willingness to pay (WTP) for conservation and restoration of pond scape/blue ecosystem service (BES) in their locality from where they benefit. The various types of ecosystem services enjoyed by the local community were identified. To assess the community's WTP for conservation and restoration of pond scape, the payment card approach of the Contingent Valuation Method (CVM) was used. Three environmental attributes were considered to assess the existing condition of the blue ecosystem services in the study area. Findings show that 54% of respondents are not satisfied with the existing conditions of the ecosystem services resulting from the pond scape. Respondent's WTP for eleven types of service facilities was calculated. Results show that only 65.20% are eager to pay an amount of 38 Tk to 138 Tk per month for different service facilities. It means about one-third of the community people want to be free riders. The influences of different attributes of the respondents on their WTP were also analyzed. Education, income, and house-ownership appear to have a positive significant influence on WTP for conservation and restoration of pond scape in the study area. In line with the findings if policy measures are taken without further delay it would help conserve the remaining pond scape.
基于自然的城市问题解决方案在全球越来越受欢迎。运转良好的生态系统可为包括水、排水和洪水问题在内的许多城市问题提供基于自然的解决方案。因此，保护和恢复城市蓝色生态系统组成部分，如池塘景观，至关重要。本研究以孟加拉国库尔纳市为例，调查了低收入边缘社区为保护和恢复其所在地区、使其受益的池塘景观/蓝色生态系统服务（BES）的支付意愿（WTP）。确定了当地社区享有的各种生态系统服务类型。为评估社区对保护和恢复池塘景观的支付意愿，采用了条件价值法（CVM）中的支付卡方法。考虑了三个环境属性来评估研究区域内蓝色生态系统服务的现有状况。研究结果表明，54%的受访者对池塘景观带来的生态系统服务现有状况不满意。计算了受访者对11种服务设施的支付意愿。结果显示，只有65.20%的人愿意每月为不同的服务设施支付38塔卡至138塔卡。这意味着约三分之一的社区居民想成为搭便车者。还分析了受访者不同属性对其支付意愿的影响。教育、收入和房屋所有权似乎对研究区域内保护和恢复池塘景观的支付意愿有积极显著影响。根据研究结果，如果不拖延地采取政策措施，将有助于保护剩余的池塘景观。
