Chaves Jaime A, Lopes Fernando, Martínez Daniela, Cueva Dario F, Gavilanes Gabriela I, Bonatto Sandro L, de Oliveira Larissa Rosa, Páez-Rosas Diego
Colegio de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales, Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Diego de Robles y Pampite, Quito, Ecuador.
Department of Biology, San Francisco State University, San Francisco, CA, United States.
Front Genet. 2022 May 19;13:725772. doi: 10.3389/fgene.2022.725772. eCollection 2022.
Pinnipeds found across islands provide an ideal opportunity to examine the evolutionary process of population subdivision affected by several mechanisms. Here, we report the genetic consequences of the geographic distribution of rookeries in Galapagos fur seals (GFS: ) in creating population structure. We show that rookeries across four islands (nine rookeries) are genetically structured into the following major groups: 1) a western cluster of individuals from Fernandina; 2) a central group from north and east Isabela, Santiago, and Pinta; and possibly, 3) a third cluster in the northeast from Pinta. Furthermore, asymmetric levels of gene flow obtained from eight microsatellites found migration from west Isabela to Fernandina islands (number of migrants = 1), with imperceptible in any other direction. Our findings suggest that the marked structuring of populations recovered in GFS is likely related to an interplay between long-term site fidelity and long-distance migration in both male and female individuals, probably influenced by varying degrees of marine productivity.
在各岛屿发现的鳍足类动物为研究受多种机制影响的种群细分进化过程提供了理想机会。在此，我们报告了加拉帕戈斯海狗（GFS）繁殖地的地理分布在形成种群结构方面的遗传后果。我们表明，分布在四个岛屿（九个繁殖地）的繁殖地在基因上被分为以下主要群体：1）来自费尔南迪纳岛的西部个体群；2）来自伊莎贝拉岛北部和东部、圣地亚哥岛和平塔岛的中部群体；以及可能的3）来自平塔岛东北部的第三个群体。此外，从八个微卫星获得的不对称基因流水平表明，存在从伊莎贝拉岛西部到费尔南迪纳岛的迁移（迁移个体数量 = 1），而在其他任何方向都难以察觉。我们的研究结果表明，在GFS中恢复的种群显著结构可能与雄性和雌性个体的长期栖息地忠诚度和长距离迁移之间的相互作用有关，这可能受到不同程度海洋生产力的影响。
