Division of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation & Cancer Immunotherapy, Hadassah Medical Center and Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel.
Br J Haematol. 2022 Oct;199(2):175-189. doi: 10.1111/bjh.18292. Epub 2022 Jun 6.
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are non-haematopoietic cells found in fetal and adult organs, that play important roles in tissue repair, inflammation and immune modulation. MSCs residing in the bone marrow interact closely with haematopoietic cells and comprise an important component of the microenvironment supporting haematopoiesis, in both health and disease states. Since their identification in 1970, basic scientific and preclinical research efforts have shed light on the role of MSCs in the regulation of haematopoiesis and evoked interest in their clinical application in haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) and malignant haematology. Over the last two decades, these research efforts have led to numerous clinical trials, which have established the safety of MSC therapy; however, the optimal mode of administration and the benefit remain inconclusive. In this paper, we will review the clinical experience with use of MSCs in HSCT for enhancement of engraftment, prevention and treatment of graft-versus-host disease and haemorrhagic cystitis. Then, we will discuss the contradictory evidence regarding tumour-promoting versus tumour-suppressing effects of MSCs in haematological malignancies, which may have relevance for future clinical applications.
间充质基质细胞（MSCs）是存在于胎儿和成人器官中的非造血细胞，在组织修复、炎症和免疫调节中发挥重要作用。骨髓中的 MSCs 与造血细胞密切相互作用，构成了支持造血的微环境的重要组成部分，在健康和疾病状态下均如此。自 1970 年被发现以来，基础科学和临床前研究工作揭示了 MSCs 在调节造血中的作用，并激发了人们对其在造血干细胞移植（HSCT）和恶性血液病中的临床应用的兴趣。在过去的二十年中，这些研究工作导致了许多临床试验，这些试验确立了 MSC 治疗的安全性；然而，最佳给药方式和益处仍不确定。在本文中，我们将回顾 MSCs 在 HSCT 中用于增强植入、预防和治疗移植物抗宿主病和出血性膀胱炎的临床经验。然后，我们将讨论关于 MSCs 在血液恶性肿瘤中促进肿瘤与抑制肿瘤作用的相互矛盾的证据，这可能与未来的临床应用有关。
