Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, P.O. Box 208106, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA.
Department of Biology, University of Central Oklahoma, Edmond, OK, 73034, USA.
Sci Rep. 2022 Jun 6;12(1):9113. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-11743-2.
Informed management and conservation efforts are vital to sustainable recreational fishing and biodiversity conservation. Because the taxonomic rank of species is important in conservation and management strategies, success of these efforts depends on accurate species delimitation. The Black Basses (Micropterus) are an iconic lineage of freshwater fishes that include some of the world's most popular species for recreational fishing and world's most invasive species. Despite their popularity, previous studies to delimit species and lineages in Micropterus suffer from insufficient geographic coverage and uninformative molecular markers. Our phylogenomic analyses of ddRAD data result in the delimitation of 19 species of Micropterus, which includes 14 described species, the undescribed but well-known Altamaha, Bartram's, and Choctaw basses, and two additional undescribed species currently classified as Smallmouth Bass (M. dolomieu). We provide a revised delimitation of species in the Largemouth Bass complex that necessitates a change in scientific nomenclature: Micropterus salmoides is retained for the Florida Bass and Micropterus nigricans is elevated from synonymy for the Largemouth Bass. The new understanding of diversity, distribution, and systematics of Black Basses will serve as important basis for the management and conservation of this charismatic and economically important clade of fishes.
知情的管理和保护工作对于可持续的娱乐性捕鱼和生物多样性保护至关重要。由于物种的分类学等级在保护和管理策略中很重要，因此这些努力的成功取决于准确的物种划界。黑鲈（Micropterus）是淡水鱼类的一个标志性谱系，其中包括一些世界上最受欢迎的娱乐性捕鱼物种和最具入侵性的物种。尽管它们很受欢迎，但以前对 Micropterus 物种和谱系进行划分的研究存在地理覆盖范围不足和分子标记信息不足的问题。我们对 ddRAD 数据的系统基因组分析结果确定了 19 种 Micropterus，其中包括 14 种已描述的物种、尚未描述但广为人知的 Altamaha、Bartram's 和 Choctaw 鲈鱼，以及另外两种目前归类为小口黑鲈（M. dolomieu）的未描述物种。我们对大口黑鲈复合体中的物种进行了重新划分，这需要改变科学命名法：佛罗里达鲈（Micropterus salmoides）保留用于佛罗里达鲈，而大口黑鲈（Micropterus nigricans）则从大口黑鲈的同义词中提升。对黑鲈多样性、分布和系统发育的新认识将为管理和保护这一具有魅力和经济重要性的鱼类类群提供重要基础。
