Streicher M, Ettlinger G
Behav Brain Res. 1987 Feb;23(2):95-107. doi: 10.1016/0166-4328(87)90047-7.
Nine rhesus monkeys were trained to a standard level of cross-modal recognition (CMR) in the directions vision to touch and touch to vision. Their level of performance remained essentially unchanged with unfamiliar objects. Five then received bilateral removals of frontal, temporal and parietal polysensory cortex in one stage or successively, and 4 underwent removal of the amygdaloid complex in one stage. All animals were retrained to criterion with familiar objects and then again tested with unfamiliar objects. Postoperatively, the monkeys with extensive neocortical removals were unimpaired or slightly impaired with familiar objects, and slightly impaired (in only one direction) with unfamiliar objects. The animals with amygdaloid ablations showed a different pattern of change: with familiar objects they were unimpaired (if removals were less extensive), or were severely but transiently impaired (if the removals of the amygdala were more extensive and/or other structures were involved); with unfamiliar objects they were unimpaired, tending to improve. The neocortical polysensory areas may be necessary for generating new visual representations during learning--a performance required only for the CMR of unfamiliar objects.
九只恒河猴接受训练，达到视觉到触觉以及触觉到视觉的跨模态识别（CMR）标准水平。面对不熟悉的物体时，它们的表现水平基本保持不变。其中五只猴子一次性或相继接受额叶、颞叶和顶叶多感觉皮层的双侧切除，另外四只猴子一次性接受杏仁复合体切除。所有动物先用熟悉的物体重新训练至标准，然后再用不熟悉的物体进行测试。术后，广泛切除新皮层的猴子面对熟悉物体时未受损伤或仅有轻微损伤，面对不熟悉物体时仅有轻微损伤（仅在一个方向上）。接受杏仁核切除的动物表现出不同的变化模式：面对熟悉物体时，它们未受损伤（如果切除范围较小），或者受到严重但短暂的损伤（如果杏仁核切除范围更广和/或涉及其他结构）；面对不熟悉物体时，它们未受损伤，且有改善趋势。新皮层多感觉区域对于学习过程中生成新的视觉表征可能是必要的——这是不熟悉物体的CMR仅需的一种表现。
