Plataforma de Medicina Translacional Fundação Oswaldo Cruz/Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.
Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.
Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2022 May 20;12:905278. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.905278. eCollection 2022.
Tuberculosis (TB), caused by the bacterium , and malaria, caused by parasites from the genus, are two of the major causes of death due to infectious diseases in the world. Both diseases are treatable with drugs that have microbicidal properties against each of the etiologic agents. However, problems related to treatment compliance by patients and emergence of drug resistant microorganisms have been a major problem for combating TB and malaria. This factor is further complicated by the absence of highly effective vaccines that can prevent the infection with either or . However, certain host biological processes have been found to play a role in the promotion of infection or in the pathogenesis of each disease. These processes can be targeted by host-directed therapies (HDTs), which can be administered in conjunction with the standard drug treatments for each pathogen, aiming to accelerate their elimination or to minimize detrimental side effects resulting from exacerbated inflammation. In this review we discuss potential new targets for the development of HDTs revealed by recent advances in the knowledge of host-pathogen interaction biology, and present an overview of strategies that have been tested , either in experimental models or in patients.
结核病（TB）由细菌引起，疟疾由疟原虫属寄生虫引起，是世界上主要的传染病死亡原因之一。这两种疾病都可以用具有杀菌特性的药物治疗，这些药物针对每种病原体。然而，与患者的治疗依从性相关的问题以及耐药微生物的出现一直是对抗结核病和疟疾的主要问题。由于缺乏能够预防感染或感染的高度有效的疫苗，这一因素变得更加复杂。然而，已经发现某些宿主生物学过程在促进感染或每种疾病的发病机制中起作用。这些过程可以通过宿主定向治疗（HDT）来靶向，HDT 可以与针对每个病原体的标准药物治疗联合使用，旨在加速其消除或最大限度地减少炎症加剧导致的有害副作用。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了宿主-病原体相互作用生物学知识的最新进展所揭示的用于开发 HDT 的潜在新靶点，并概述了已经在实验模型或患者中进行测试的策略。
