Reinders Jan-Jaap, Hobbelen Johannes S M, Tieland Michael, Weijs Peter J M, Jager-Wittenaar Harriët
Research Group Healthy Ageing, Allied Health Care and Nursing, Hanze University of Applied Sciences, Groningen, the Netherlands.
Research Group on Interprofessional Identity and Collaboration, Kaunas University of Applied Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania.
J Multidiscip Healthc. 2022 May 31;15:1247-1260. doi: 10.2147/JMDH.S358237. eCollection 2022.
Malnutrition and sarcopenia require dietetic and physiotherapy interventions. In this study, we aimed to compare interprofessional identity of dietitians and physiotherapists, as well as attitudes towards, facilitators and barriers for, and occurrence of interprofessional treatment of malnutrition and sarcopenia by both professions.
A cross-sectional online survey was distributed from December 4, 2021 until January 31, 2022 through an international online network platform for professionals (LinkedIn). Practitioners working as dietitian or physiotherapist in a healthcare setting were eligible for participation. Outcome measures concerned perceptions regarding shared problem domains, interprofessional treatment, attitudes towards interprofessional treatment, interprofessional identity, facilitators, and barriers. A Chi-test, Mann-Whitney -test, and Spearman's Rho correlation were calculated.
Data from 53 physiotherapists and 48 dietitians were included. Malnutrition is considered a shared problem domain by both professions ( = 1248.000; = 0.858). While sarcopenia is treated by both professions ( = 1260.000; = 0.927), physiotherapists consider sarcopenia more often a shared problem domain compared to dietitians ( = 1003.000; = 0.044). Attitudes towards interprofessional treatment were mostly positive (73%, n = 35 and 87%, n = 46 respectively). Interprofessional identity of dietitians was lower compared to physiotherapists (median = 4.0 versus median = 4.3 respectively; = 875.000, = 0.007). This was explained by lower interprofessional belonging (median = 4.0 versus median = 4.8 respectively; = 771.000, < 0.001) and lower interprofessional commitment (median = 4.0 versus median = 4.3 respectively; = 942.500, = 0.023). Interprofessional identity was correlated with efficient means of communication ( = 0.30, = 0.003) and bureaucracy ( = -0.21, = 0.034). Other barriers reported included available time, financial compensation, interprofessional knowledge, and obtaining extra care. Most reported facilitators concerned role clarity, clarity of expertise, and willingness of others to collaborate.
Dietitians and physiotherapists have different interprofessional identities, but both are advocates of interprofessional treatment. Both professions mostly treat malnutrition and sarcopenia individually and have different perceptions regarding sarcopenia as shared problem domain. Facilitators were mainly related to clarity and commitment while barriers were mainly related to resources.
营养不良和肌肉减少症需要饮食和物理治疗干预。在本研究中，我们旨在比较营养师和物理治疗师的跨专业身份，以及他们对跨专业治疗营养不良和肌肉减少症的态度、促进因素和障碍，以及这两个专业进行跨专业治疗的情况。
2021年12月4日至2022年1月31日，通过一个面向专业人士的国际在线网络平台（领英）开展了一项横断面在线调查。在医疗环境中担任营养师或物理治疗师的从业者有资格参与。结果指标涉及对共同问题领域、跨专业治疗、对跨专业治疗的态度、跨专业身份、促进因素和障碍的认知。计算了卡方检验、曼-惠特尼检验和斯皮尔曼等级相关。
纳入了53名物理治疗师和48名营养师的数据。两个专业都认为营养不良是一个共同的问题领域（卡方值=1248.000；P值=0.858）。虽然两个专业都对肌肉减少症进行治疗（卡方值=1260.000；P值=0.927），但与营养师相比，物理治疗师更常将肌肉减少症视为一个共同的问题领域（卡方值=1003.000；P值=0.044）。对跨专业治疗的态度大多是积极的（分别为73%，n = 35和87%，n = 46）。营养师的跨专业身份低于物理治疗师（中位数分别为4.0和4.3；卡方值=875.000，P值=0.007）。这可以通过较低的跨专业归属感（中位数分别为4.0和4.8；卡方值=771.000，P值<0.001）和较低的跨专业承诺（中位数分别为4.0和4.3；卡方值=942.500，P值=0.023）来解释。跨专业身份与有效的沟通方式相关（斯皮尔曼相关系数=0.30，P值=0.003）和官僚作风相关（斯皮尔曼相关系数=-0.21，P值=0.034）。报告的其他障碍包括可用时间、经济补偿、跨专业知识和获得额外护理。报告的大多数促进因素涉及角色明确、专业知识清晰以及他人的合作意愿。
营养师和物理治疗师有不同的跨专业身份，但两者都是跨专业治疗的倡导者。两个专业大多分别治疗营养不良和肌肉减少症，并且对肌肉减少症作为共同问题领域有不同的认知。促进因素主要与明确性和承诺相关，而障碍主要与资源相关。
