Lenzi Camilla, Perucca Giovanni
Department of Architecture, Built Environment and Construction Engineering - Politecnico Di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy.
Soc Indic Res. 2022;164(1):165-187. doi: 10.1007/s11205-022-02946-1. Epub 2022 May 28.
The literature on the geography of subjective well-being largely converges in pointing out the occurrence, at least in developed countries, of an urban/rural divide: people living in the most urbanized regions tend to be significantly less satisfied than those living in rural areas. This paper aims at reassessing this statement by taking into consideration an important aspect, frequently overlooked in the literature, i.e. people-based characteristics. Individuals are not alike and may differently experience and appreciate the advantages and disadvantages of urbanisation. Characteristics such as the level of education, the type of occupation and, more generally, the income level can mediate the capacity to reap urbanisation advantages (as the accessibility to advanced services and diversified job markets) and mitigate urbanization disadvantages (such as cost of living and congestion). Additionally, but based on the same reasoning, more educated and affluent individuals (negatively) value distance from top rank centres more than less educated and affluent ones. We test and prove these propositions in a study on the subjective well-being of more than 250,000 individuals living in European cities, defined as NUTS3 regions, in the period 2004-2010.
The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11205-022-02946-1.
关于主观幸福感地理分布的文献大多一致指出，至少在发达国家，存在城乡差距：生活在城市化程度最高地区的人们往往比生活在农村地区的人们满意度显著更低。本文旨在通过考虑一个在文献中经常被忽视的重要方面，即基于人群的特征，来重新评估这一说法。个体并不相同，他们对城市化的利弊可能有不同的体验和感受。教育水平、职业类型以及更普遍的收入水平等特征，可以调节获取城市化优势（如获得先进服务和多元化就业市场的机会）的能力，并减轻城市化的劣势（如生活成本和拥堵）。此外，基于同样的推理，受教育程度更高、更富裕的个体比受教育程度较低、较不富裕的个体（更）看重与顶级中心的距离。我们在一项针对2004年至2010年期间生活在欧洲城市（定义为NUTS3地区）的25万多人的主观幸福感研究中检验并证明了这些命题。
在线版本包含可在10.1007/s11205-022-02946-1获取的补充材料。
