Lung Cancer remains the leading cause of cancer mortality in the United States and Worldwide. Incidence and mortality have been on the decline in the United States, while worldwide cases continue to increase. Risk factor modification and screening are critical to improving survival in patients with lung cancer. Identifying at-risk populations for access to care and screening programs will improve overall outcomes. Understanding environmental and carcinogenic sources are integral to public health policy and education. Innovations in population health and translational research will be essential in the future to improve lung cancer survival.