Section of Surgical Sciences.
Vanderbilt Lung Screening Program.
Ann Am Thorac Soc. 2020 Apr;17(4):399-405. doi: 10.1513/AnnalsATS.201907-556CME.
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer mortality in the United States. Certain groups are at increased risk of developing lung cancer and experience greater morbidity and mortality than the general population. Lung cancer screening provides an opportunity to detect lung cancer at an early stage when surgical intervention can be curative; however, current screening guidelines may overlook vulnerable populations with disproportionate lung cancer burden. This review aims to characterize disparities in lung cancer screening eligibility, as well as access to lung cancer screening, focusing on underrepresented racial/ethnic minorities and high-risk populations, such as individuals with human immunodeficiency virus. We also explore potential system- and patient-level barriers that may influence smoking patterns and healthcare access. Improving access to high-quality health care with a focus on smoking cessation is essential to reduce the burden of lung cancer experienced by vulnerable populations.
肺癌是美国癌症死亡的主要原因。某些群体患肺癌的风险增加，比一般人群经历更大的发病率和死亡率。肺癌筛查提供了一个机会，可以在手术干预可以治愈的早期阶段发现肺癌；然而，目前的筛查指南可能忽视了肺癌负担不成比例的脆弱人群。本综述旨在描述肺癌筛查资格以及获得肺癌筛查的差异，重点关注代表性不足的少数族裔和高危人群，如艾滋病毒感染者。我们还探讨了可能影响吸烟模式和医疗保健获取的潜在系统和患者层面的障碍。通过关注戒烟，改善获得高质量医疗保健的机会对于减轻弱势群体的肺癌负担至关重要。
