Hickling E J, Sison G F, Vanderploeg R D
Biofeedback Self Regul. 1986 Jun;11(2):125-34. doi: 10.1007/BF00999980.
This study investigated the use of biofeedback and relaxation training on six patients with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) referred routinely for biofeedback treatment in a VA medical center. Subjects received between 8 and 14 sessions of training overall, as well as concurrent individual and group therapy. Measures used to assess treatment outcome include pre- and posttreatment MMPI, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, Beck Depression Inventory, and Multidimensional Health Locus of Control scores, as well as electromyographic and subjective measures of tension within each session. Additionally, an overall posttreatment clinical rating of change and 1- to 2-year follow-up data were obtained for each subject. Slight to marked improvements were demonstrated for each subject, as evidenced by improvements on the State Anxiety Inventory Scale and the Beck Depression Inventory, a decrease in overall MMPI scores, and lowered EMG and subjective tension ratings for all participants. Possible alternative explanations for improvement (situational demand characteristics, regression toward the mean, lack of independent subject evaluation) are described, along with other study limitations. This preliminary investigation suggests that the use of relaxation training and biofeedback may be a particularly useful component within a comprehensive treatment program for this disorder.
本研究调查了生物反馈和放松训练对六名创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）患者的效果，这些患者是在一家退伍军人事务部医疗中心被常规转介接受生物反馈治疗的。受试者总共接受了8至14次训练课程，同时还接受了个体和团体治疗。用于评估治疗结果的测量指标包括治疗前后的明尼苏达多相人格测验（MMPI）、状态-特质焦虑量表、贝克抑郁量表以及多维健康控制点得分，还有每次训练课程中的肌电图和紧张程度的主观测量指标。此外，还为每个受试者获取了治疗后的总体临床变化评级以及1至2年的随访数据。每个受试者都表现出了轻微到显著的改善，这体现在状态焦虑量表和贝克抑郁量表得分的改善、MMPI总分的降低以及所有参与者的肌电图和主观紧张程度评级的降低上。文中描述了对改善效果可能的其他解释（情境需求特征、向均值回归、缺乏独立的受试者评估）以及其他研究局限性。这项初步调查表明，放松训练和生物反馈的使用可能是针对该障碍的综合治疗方案中特别有用的一个组成部分。
