Zeinalian Reihaneh, Ahmadikhatir Shonaz, Esfahani Ensieh Nasli, Namazi Nazli, Larijani Bagher
Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
Personalized Medicine Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
J Diabetes Metab Disord. 2022 Apr 4;21(1):1119-1127. doi: 10.1007/s40200-022-01016-0. eCollection 2022 Jun.
BACKGROUND & AIMS: Nutrition is one of main environmental factor affecting obesity and its related complications such as diabetes and dyslipidemia. Due to growing prevalence of obesity across the world, it seems that nutritional advice alone is not able to combat this health problem. The present overview aimed to summarize the roles of personalized nutrition (PN) in obesity and diabetes management.
Scopus, PubMed and Google scholar were searched up to February 2021 to find relevant studies with English language in which the roles of PN in obesity and diabetes management were examined.
Recent evidence revealed the importance of gene-environment interactions for management of diabetes mellitus and obesity. Moreover, microbiome research showed that personalized diet based on a combination of clinical and microbial features is likely to improve responses to therapeutic interventions. Epigenetics as well as genetic and environmental factors can also contribute to the treatment. In addition, articles showed significant roles of epigenetics and gut microbiome on providing an individualized diet for obese and diabetic patients.
PN compare to conventional diet can better improve metabolic status in obese and diabetic patients. Considering genetic differences and microbiome patterns along with environmental factors and their interactions are recommended for obesity and diabetes management. This approach can increase success in promoting health and preventing complications related to diabetes and obesity.
营养是影响肥胖及其相关并发症（如糖尿病和血脂异常）的主要环境因素之一。由于全球肥胖患病率不断上升，仅靠营养建议似乎无法应对这一健康问题。本综述旨在总结个性化营养（PN）在肥胖和糖尿病管理中的作用。
截至2021年2月，检索了Scopus、PubMed和谷歌学术，以查找研究PN在肥胖和糖尿病管理中作用的英文相关研究。
近期证据揭示了基因-环境相互作用在糖尿病和肥胖管理中的重要性。此外，微生物组研究表明，基于临床和微生物特征相结合的个性化饮食可能会改善对治疗干预的反应。表观遗传学以及遗传和环境因素也有助于治疗。此外，文章显示表观遗传学和肠道微生物组在为肥胖和糖尿病患者提供个性化饮食方面发挥着重要作用。
与传统饮食相比，PN能更好地改善肥胖和糖尿病患者的代谢状况。在肥胖和糖尿病管理中，建议考虑遗传差异、微生物组模式以及环境因素及其相互作用。这种方法可以提高促进健康以及预防与糖尿病和肥胖相关并发症的成功率。
