Kosmalski Marcin, Deska Kacper, Bąk Bartłomiej, Różycka-Kosmalska Monika, Pietras Tadeusz
Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Lodz, 90-153 Łódź, Poland.
Students' Scientific Association Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Lodz, 90-153 Łódź, Poland.
Healthcare (Basel). 2023 Feb 2;11(3):433. doi: 10.3390/healthcare11030433.
Obesity is a growing civilization problem, associated with a number of negative health consequences affecting almost all tissues and organs. Currently, obesity treatment includes lifestyle modifications (including diet and exercise), pharmacologic therapies, and in some clinical situations, bariatric surgery. These treatments seem to be the most effective method supporting the treatment of obesity. However, they are many limitations to the options, both for the practitioners and patients. Often the comorbidities, cost, age of the patient, and even geographic locations may influence the choices. The pharmacotherapy of obesity is a fast-growing market. Currently, we have at our disposal drugs with various mechanisms of action (directly reducing the absorption of calories-orlistat, acting centrally-bupropion with naltrexone, phentermine with topiramate, or multidirectional-liraglutide, dulaglutide, semaglutide). The drugs whose weight-reducing effect is used in the course of the pharmacotherapy of other diseases (e.g., glucose-sodium cotransporter inhibitors, exenatide) are also worth mentioning. The obesity pharmacotherapy is focusing on novel therapeutic agents with improved safety and efficacy profiles. These trends also include an assessment of the usefulness of the weight-reducing properties of the drugs previously used for other diseases. The presented paper is an overview of the studies related to both drugs currently used in the pharmacotherapy of obesity and those undergoing clinical trials, taking into account the individual approach to the patient.
肥胖是一个日益严重的文明病问题，与一系列影响几乎所有组织和器官的负面健康后果相关。目前，肥胖治疗包括生活方式改变（包括饮食和运动）、药物治疗，以及在某些临床情况下的减肥手术。这些治疗似乎是支持肥胖治疗的最有效方法。然而，对于从业者和患者来说，这些选择存在许多限制。通常，合并症、成本、患者年龄甚至地理位置都可能影响选择。肥胖的药物治疗是一个快速增长的市场。目前，我们有多种作用机制的药物可供使用（直接减少热量吸收的奥利司他、中枢作用的安非他酮与纳曲酮、苯丁胺与托吡酯，或多方向作用的利拉鲁肽、度拉鲁肽、司美格鲁肽）。在其他疾病的药物治疗过程中发挥减肥作用的药物（如葡萄糖 - 钠共转运体抑制剂、艾塞那肽）也值得一提。肥胖药物治疗正专注于具有改善安全性和疗效的新型治疗药物。这些趋势还包括评估先前用于其他疾病的药物的减肥特性的有用性。本文概述了与目前用于肥胖药物治疗的药物以及正在进行临床试验的药物相关的研究，并考虑了针对患者的个体化方法。
