Neuroimmunology Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital and Vita Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy.
Curr Opin Neurol. 2022 Jun 1;35(3):313-318. doi: 10.1097/WCO.0000000000001062.
Despite the significant progress in the development of disease-modifying treatments for multiple sclerosis (MS), repair of existing damage is still poorly addressed. Current research focuses on stem cell-based therapies as a suitable alternative or complement to current drug therapies.
Myelin damage is a hallmark of multiple sclerosis, and novel approaches leading to remyelination represent a promising tool to prevent neurodegeneration of the underlying axon. With increasing evidence of diminishing remyelination capacity of the MS brain with ageing and disease progression, exogenous cell transplantation is a promising therapeutic approach for restoration of oligodendrocyte precursor cell pool reserve and myelin regeneration.
The present review summarizes recent developments of remyelinating therapies in multiple sclerosis, focusing on exogenous cell-based strategies and discussing related scientific, practical, and ethical concerns.
尽管多发性硬化症（MS）的疾病修饰治疗取得了重大进展，但现有损伤的修复仍未得到很好的解决。目前的研究集中在基于干细胞的治疗方法上，作为现有药物治疗的替代或补充。
髓鞘损伤是多发性硬化症的一个标志，新的方法导致髓鞘再生，是预防潜在轴突神经退行性变的有前途的工具。随着年龄增长和疾病进展，MS 大脑中髓鞘再生能力逐渐下降的证据越来越多，外源性细胞移植是恢复少突胶质前体细胞库储备和髓鞘再生的有前途的治疗方法。
本综述总结了多发性硬化症中髓鞘再生治疗的最新进展，重点介绍了基于外源性细胞的策略，并讨论了相关的科学、实际和伦理问题。
