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巨矮鳄来自肯尼亚的中新世，以及东非晚新生代的鳄类动物群动态。

Giant dwarf crocodiles from the Miocene of Kenya and crocodylid faunal dynamics in the late Cenozoic of East Africa.

机构信息

Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA.

Grupo de Biología Evolutiva, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia, Madrid, Spain.

出版信息

Anat Rec (Hoboken). 2022 Oct;305(10):2729-2765. doi: 10.1002/ar.25005. Epub 2022 Jun 8.

DOI:10.1002/ar.25005
PMID:35674271
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9541231/
Abstract

We describe two new osteolaemine crocodylids from the Early and early Middle Miocene of Kenya: Kinyang mabokoensis tax. nov. (Maboko, 15 Ma) and Kinyang tchernovi tax. nov. (Karungu and Loperot, 18 Ma). Additional material referable to Kinyang is known from Chianda and Moruorot. The skull was broad and dorsoventrally deep, and the genus can be diagnosed based on the combined presence of a partial overbite, a subdivided fossa for the lateral collateral ligament on the surangular, and a maxilla with no more than 13 alveoli. Phylogenetic analyses based on morphological and combined morphological and molecular data support a referral of Kinyang to Osteolaeminae, and morphological data alone put the new taxon at the base of Euthecodontini. Some Kinyang maxillae preserve blind pits on the medial caviconchal recess wall. Kinyang co-occurs with the osteolaemine Brochuchus at some localities, and together, they reinforce the phylogenetic disparity between early Neogene osteolaemine-dominated faunas and faunas dominated by crocodylines beginning in the Late Miocene in the Kenya Rift. The causes of this turnover remain unclear, though changes in prevailing vegetation resulting from tectonic and climatic drivers may provide a partial explanation.

摘要

我们描述了肯尼亚早中新世和中中新世的两种新的 Osteolaemine 鳄类：Kinyang mabokoensis tax. nov.（Maboko，15Ma）和 Kinyang tchernovi tax. nov.（Karungu 和 Loperot，18Ma）。可归属于 Kinyang 的额外材料来自 Chianda 和 Moruorot。头骨宽阔且背腹深，该属可通过以下特征组合来诊断：部分上覆咬合、副蝶骨上外侧副韧带的细分窝以及上颌骨上不超过 13 个牙槽。基于形态学和形态学与分子数据结合的系统发育分析支持将 Kinyang 归入 Osteolaeminae，而仅形态学数据将新分类群置于 Euthecodontini 的基部。一些 Kinyang 上颌骨在中腔后隐窝壁上保留有盲孔。在一些地方，Kinyang 与 Osteolaemine Brochuchus 共存，它们共同加强了早中新世以 Osteolaemine 为主的动物群和从中新世晚期开始以鳄类为主的动物群之间的系统发育差异。这种转变的原因尚不清楚，尽管构造和气候驱动因素导致的盛行植被变化可能提供了部分解释。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/0fce/9541231/f2342898a251/AR-305-2729-g013.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/0fce/9541231/a20a2f98cf4f/AR-305-2729-g001.jpg
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https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/0fce/9541231/6fffa5608c6b/AR-305-2729-g006.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/0fce/9541231/d09e338117ec/AR-305-2729-g012.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/0fce/9541231/089090e434c3/AR-305-2729-g014.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/0fce/9541231/7de6f59c3409/AR-305-2729-g016.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/0fce/9541231/32906b86c186/AR-305-2729-g010.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/0fce/9541231/f12bcb6d1024/AR-305-2729-g018.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/0fce/9541231/f17b97c23366/AR-305-2729-g011.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/0fce/9541231/0039e05b2c2d/AR-305-2729-g015.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/0fce/9541231/f2342898a251/AR-305-2729-g013.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/0fce/9541231/a20a2f98cf4f/AR-305-2729-g001.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/0fce/9541231/ae4325369d44/AR-305-2729-g008.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/0fce/9541231/6fffa5608c6b/AR-305-2729-g006.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/0fce/9541231/d09e338117ec/AR-305-2729-g012.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/0fce/9541231/089090e434c3/AR-305-2729-g014.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/0fce/9541231/7de6f59c3409/AR-305-2729-g016.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/0fce/9541231/32906b86c186/AR-305-2729-g010.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/0fce/9541231/f12bcb6d1024/AR-305-2729-g018.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/0fce/9541231/f17b97c23366/AR-305-2729-g011.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/0fce/9541231/0039e05b2c2d/AR-305-2729-g015.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/0fce/9541231/f2342898a251/AR-305-2729-g013.jpg

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