Nutrition Research Division, Bureau of Nutritional Sciences, Food Directorate, Health Products and Food Branch, Health Canada, 2203C Banting Research Centre, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0L2, Canada.
Food and Nutrition Science Program, Department of Chemistry, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, ON, K1S 5B6, Canada.
Plant Foods Hum Nutr. 2022 Sep;77(3):319-328. doi: 10.1007/s11130-022-00984-1. Epub 2022 Jun 9.
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disease and affects about 25% of the population globally. Obesity and diabetes are the main causes of the disease characterized by excessive accumulation of lipids in the liver. There is currently no direct pharmacological treatments for NAFLD. Dietary intervention and lifestyle modification are the key strategies in the prevention and treatment of the disease. Soy consumption is associated with many health benefits such as decreased incidence of coronary heart disease, type-2 diabetes, atherosclerosis and obesity. The hypolipidemic functions of soy components have been shown in both animal studies and human clinical trials. Dietary soy proteins and associated isoflavones suppressed the formation and accumulation of lipid droplets in the liver and improved NAFLD-associated metabolic syndrome. The molecular mechanism(s) underlying the effects of soy components are mainly through modulation of transcription factors, sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1 and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ2, and expressions of their target genes involved in lipogenesis and lipolysis as well as lipid droplet-promoting protein, fat-specific protein-27. Inclusion of appropriate amounts of soy protein and isoflavones in the diets might be a useful approach to decrease the prevalence of NAFLD and mitigate disease burden.
非酒精性脂肪性肝病（NAFLD）是最常见的慢性肝病，影响着全球约 25%的人口。肥胖症和糖尿病是这种疾病的主要病因，其特征是肝脏内脂质过度积累。目前，NAFLD 没有直接的药物治疗方法。饮食干预和生活方式改变是预防和治疗这种疾病的关键策略。大豆的食用与许多健康益处相关，如降低冠心病、2 型糖尿病、动脉粥样硬化和肥胖的发病率。大豆成分的降血脂功能在动物研究和人类临床试验中都得到了证实。膳食大豆蛋白和相关的异黄酮可抑制肝脏中脂质滴的形成和积累，并改善与 NAFLD 相关的代谢综合征。大豆成分作用的分子机制主要是通过调节转录因子、固醇调节元件结合蛋白-1 和过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体-γ2 以及涉及脂肪生成和脂肪分解的靶基因的表达，以及促进脂质滴形成的蛋白、脂肪特异性蛋白-27。在饮食中适当摄入大豆蛋白和异黄酮可能是降低 NAFLD 患病率和减轻疾病负担的有效方法。
