2019 年贝宁工业环境中的职业压力：一项横断面研究。

Occupational stress in industry setting in Benin 2019: A cross-sectional study.

机构信息

Doctoral School of Health Sciences of Cotonou, Cotonou, Benin.

Occupational Health Department of the National University Hospital of Pneumo-Phtisiology of Cotonou, Cotonou, Benin.

出版信息

PLoS One. 2022 Jun 9;17(6):e0269498. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0269498. eCollection 2022.

DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0269498

PMID:35679301

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9182257/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Occupational stress is a psychosocial risk in the workplace. Working conditions in industrial settings may lead to occupational stress. In Benin, however, there is little epidemiological data on occupational stress in industrial settings. We aimed to determine the prevalence and factors associated with occupational stress in industrial settings in Benin in 2019.

METHODS

This was a prospective, cross-sectional study conducted from January 31 to April 11, 2019, among 15 cotton ginning plants. Sampling was exhaustive for permanent workers and stratified in clusters by shift for occasional cotton gin workers. Data were collected through Karasek and Siegrist questionnaires. Data analysis was performed using R software. Binary multivariable logistic regression was performed. The significance level was p < 0.05.

RESULTS

Of 1883 workers included, 90.8% were male. The median age was 38 years (IQR: 28 years to 49 years). The prevalence of occupational stress was 77.7% (95% CI: 75.8-79.6). Psychological demand was high in 93.0% of workers and 83.9% had low decision latitude. Among the workers, 16.3% had low social support and 89.9% had a low recognition score at work. Factors associated with occupational stress were: being an occasional vs. permanent worker (aOR 6.43, 95% CI 4.18 to 9.88); age less than 38 years (aOR 0.55, 95% CI 0.41 to 0.76); high intensity physical activity at work (aOR 1.33, 95% CI 1.03 to 1.73); working in production vs. administration (aOR 1.59, 95% CI 1.03 to 2.45); spending fewer than 4 years at the current work location (aOR 1.60, 95% CI 1.05 to 2.44); and scoring low for recognition at work (aOR 1.53, 95% CI 1.04 to 2.23). Noise exposure and being a shift worker were significant in univariable analysis, but not multivariable analysis.

CONCLUSION

Occupational stress is very common among workers in industrial settings. The implementation and evaluation of preventive measures against these risk factors is necessary.

摘要

背景

职业压力是工作场所中的一种社会心理风险。工业环境中的工作条件可能导致职业压力。然而，贝宁在工业环境中的职业压力方面几乎没有流行病学数据。我们旨在确定 2019 年贝宁工业环境中职业压力的患病率和相关因素。

方法

这是一项于 2019 年 1 月 31 日至 4 月 11 日进行的前瞻性、横断面研究，对象为 15 家轧棉厂。对于固定工人进行了彻底抽样，对于临时轧棉工人按班次进行了分层聚类抽样。通过 Karasek 和 Siegrist 问卷收集数据。使用 R 软件进行数据分析。进行二元多变量逻辑回归。显著性水平为 p<0.05。

结果

共纳入 1883 名工人，其中 90.8%为男性。中位年龄为 38 岁（IQR：28 岁至 49 岁）。职业压力的患病率为 77.7%（95%CI：75.8-79.6）。93.0%的工人心理需求较高，83.9%的工人决策自由度较低。在这些工人中，16.3%的社会支持度较低，89.9%的工作认可度较低。与职业压力相关的因素包括：临时工与固定工（aOR 6.43，95%CI 4.18 至 9.88）；年龄小于 38 岁（aOR 0.55，95%CI 0.41 至 0.76）；高强度体力活动（aOR 1.33，95%CI 1.03 至 1.73）；在生产部门工作与在管理部门工作（aOR 1.59，95%CI 1.03 至 2.45）；在当前工作地点工作少于 4 年（aOR 1.60，95%CI 1.05 至 2.44）；工作认可度低（aOR 1.53，95%CI 1.04 至 2.23）。噪声暴露和轮班工作在单变量分析中是显著的，但在多变量分析中不是。