School of Ecology and Environment, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing 100730, China.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2022 Aug;241:113727. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113727. Epub 2022 Jun 6.
Gestational hypertension (GH), preeclampsia (PE), and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are common pregnancy complications and can result in maternal and prenatal morbidity and mortality. Air pollution exposure could adversely impact pregnancy complications; however, evidence remains limited in China, where ambient air pollution is relatively severe.
This study aims to examine the associations of GH, PE, and GDM with exposure to six air pollutants (PM PM, SO, NO, O, and CO) during pregnancy.
Leveraging a multicenter birth cohort study among pregnant women in 24 hospitals from 15 provinces in China, we obtained data for maternal characteristics and pregnancy outcomes. We generated ambient concentrations of the six air pollutants using a combination of chemical transport model simulations with monitoring data. We used multivariable logistic regression models to estimate the effects on pregnancy complications from exposure to six air pollutants in each trimester and the entire pregnancy.
Among the total 3754 pregnant women in this study, the prevalences of GH, GDM, and PE were 2.6 %, 11.2 %, and 0.7 %, respectively. GH risk increased 11.9 % (95 % CI, -8.5 %, 36.8 %) and 13.8 % (1.4 %, 27.8 %) per 10 μg/m increases in PM and PM in the entire pregnancy, respectively. PM and PM exposures in the first trimester were significantly associated with an increased risk of GDM. Exposure to O, SO, NO, and CO in early pregnancy could be associated with GDM risk. Geographic region and season of conception may influence the associations of GH and PE with air pollution.
Ambient particulate matter pollution adversely affects GH, GDM, and PE among Chinese pregnant women. Since most regions of China still suffer from hazardous levels of air pollution, our findings indicate importance of better protecting pregnant women from the risk of air pollution.
妊娠期高血压（GH）、子痫前期（PE）和妊娠期糖尿病（GDM）是常见的妊娠并发症，可导致母婴发病率和死亡率升高。空气污染暴露可能对妊娠并发症产生不利影响；然而，在中国，空气污染相对严重，证据仍然有限。
本研究旨在探讨 GH、PE 和 GDM 与孕妇在怀孕期间暴露于六种空气污染物（PM 、PM 、SO 、NO 、O 和 CO ）之间的关系。
利用中国 15 个省份 24 家医院的多中心妊娠队列研究，获取了孕产妇特征和妊娠结局数据。我们利用化学传输模型模拟与监测数据相结合的方法生成了六种空气污染物的环境浓度。我们使用多变量逻辑回归模型来估计每个孕期和整个孕期暴露于六种空气污染物对妊娠并发症的影响。
在本研究的 3754 名孕妇中，GH、GDM 和 PE 的患病率分别为 2.6%、11.2%和 0.7%。GH 风险增加 11.9%（95%CI：-8.5%，36.8%）和 13.8%（1.4%，27.8%），PM 和 PM 在整个孕期每增加 10μg/m 。在整个孕期，PM 和 PM 的暴露与 GDM 风险增加显著相关。第一孕期暴露于 O 、SO 、NO 和 CO 与 GDM 风险增加相关。受孕的地理区域和季节可能会影响 GH 和 PE 与空气污染之间的关联。
环境颗粒物污染对中国孕妇的 GH、GDM 和 PE 有不利影响。由于中国大部分地区仍面临危险水平的空气污染，我们的研究结果表明，保护孕妇免受空气污染风险的重要性。
