华北地区温带葡萄园施肥和灌溉制度对土壤呼吸和微生物群落结构的影响研究 2 年。
Responses of soil respiration and microbial community structure to fertilizer and irrigation regimes over 2 years in temperate vineyards in North China.
机构信息
College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China; The Key Laboratory of agro ecological environment of Hebei Province, Baoding 071000, China.
College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China; The Key Laboratory of agro ecological environment of Hebei Province, Baoding 071000, China.
出版信息
Sci Total Environ. 2022 Sep 20;840:156469. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156469. Epub 2022 Jun 6.
Fertilizer and irrigation regimes can profoundly affect soil carbon (C) emissions, which influence soil organic carbon (SOC) storage. However, information regarding the effects of fertilizer and irrigation management on the components of soil respiration (Rs) and the underlying microbial community characteristics in vineyard ecosystems remains limited. Therefore, a 2-year field experiment was conducted in a wine-grape vineyard (WGV) and a table-grape vineyard (TGV). Each vineyard included two fertilizer and irrigation regimes: farmers' practice (FP) and recommended practice (RP). The trenching method was employed to separate Rs into heterotrophic respiration (Rh) and autotrophic respiration (Ra). Additionally, the SOC storage and soil microbial community structure at 0-20 cm soil depth were determined after the 2-year experiment. The results showed that the fertilizer and irrigation regimes caused no effect on Ra. Compared with the FP treatment in WGV and TGV, the RP treatment significantly (P < 0.05) decreased the average daily Rh by 15.13 % and 17.11 %, which contributed to the annual Rs values at the whole-vineyard scale decreased by 8.93 % and 11.78 %, respectively. Besides, compared with the initial value, the SOC storage under RP treatment were effectively increased by 6.39 % and 6.33 % in WGV and TGV, respectively. Low annual total Rh was partially ascribed to the significant (P < 0.05) decline in Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes relative abundance, thus reducing the decomposition rate of SOC. Compared with WGV, the fertilizer and water input was higher in the TGV, which resulted in the annual total Rs and Rh values at the whole-vineyard scale was increased by 11.53 % and 15.74 %, respectively, while the annual total Ra was decreased by 18.83 % due to the lower grapevine density and more frequent summer pruning. Overall, RP treatment was found to be a suitable strategy for reducing soil C emissions and benefiting SOC storage in vineyards around North China.
施肥和灌溉制度可以深刻影响土壤碳（C）排放，从而影响土壤有机碳（SOC）储存。然而，关于施肥和灌溉管理对葡萄园生态系统土壤呼吸（Rs）组成和潜在微生物群落特征的影响的信息仍然有限。因此，在一个葡萄酒葡萄藤（WGV）和一个餐桌葡萄藤（TGV）中进行了为期两年的田间试验。每个葡萄园包括两种施肥和灌溉制度：农民实践（FP）和推荐实践（RP）。采用沟垄法将 Rs 分离为异养呼吸（Rh）和自养呼吸（Ra）。此外，在两年试验结束后，还测定了 0-20cm 土壤深度的 SOC 储存和土壤微生物群落结构。结果表明，施肥和灌溉制度对 Ra 没有影响。与 WGV 和 TGV 的 FP 处理相比，RP 处理显著（P<0.05）降低了平均日 Rh15.13%和 17.11%，导致整个葡萄园尺度的年 Rs 值分别降低了 8.93%和 11.78%。此外，与初始值相比，RP 处理下的 SOC 储存分别在 WGV 和 TGV 中有效增加了 6.39%和 6.33%。低的年总 Rh 部分归因于变形菌门和拟杆菌门相对丰度的显著（P<0.05）下降，从而降低了 SOC 的分解率。与 WGV 相比，TGV 的肥料和水投入更高，导致整个葡萄园尺度的年总 Rs 和 Rh 值分别增加了 11.53%和 15.74%，而年总 Ra 由于葡萄藤密度较低和更频繁的夏季修剪而降低了 18.83%。总体而言，RP 处理被认为是减少华北地区葡萄园土壤 C 排放和有利于 SOC 储存的适宜策略。
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