Institute of Grassland, Flowers and Ecology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China; College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Liaoning Technical University, Fuxin 123000, China.
Institute of Grassland, Flowers and Ecology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2023 Dec 20;905:167346. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167346. Epub 2023 Sep 27.
Economic and social development worldwide increases the input of nutrients, especially nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P), to soils. These nutrients affect soil respiration (Rs) in terrestrial ecosystems. They may act independently or have interactive effects on Rs. The effect of N and P on Rs and its components (autotrophic respiration [Ra] and heterotrophic respiration [Rh]), however, either individually or together, is poorly understood. We performed a meta-analysis of 130 studies to examine the effects of different fertilization treatments on Rs and its components across terrestrial ecosystems.
Our results showed that (1) The impact of fertilizer addition on Rs varies among different fertilizer types. N addition reduced Rs and Rh significantly but did not affect Ra; P addition had no significant effect on Rs, Rh, and Ra; NP addition increased Rs significantly but did not affect Rh and Ra. (2) Ecosystem type, duration of fertilization, fertilization rate, and fertilizer form influenced the response of Rs and its components to fertilizer application. (3) Based on our study, the annual average temperature may be a driving factor of Rs response to fertilizer addition, while soil total nitrogen may be an important predictor of Rs response to fertilizer addition.
Overall, our study highlights the complex and multifaceted nature of the response of soil Rs and its components to fertilizer application, underscoring the importance of considering multiple factors when predicting and modeling future Rs and its feedback to global change.
全球经济和社会发展增加了土壤中养分（尤其是氮和磷）的投入。这些养分影响陆地生态系统中的土壤呼吸（Rs）。它们可能单独作用，也可能相互作用对 Rs 产生影响。然而，无论是单独还是一起，氮和磷对 Rs 及其组成部分（自养呼吸 [Ra] 和异养呼吸 [Rh]）的影响都知之甚少。我们对 130 项研究进行了荟萃分析，以研究不同施肥处理对陆地生态系统中 Rs 及其组成部分的影响。
我们的研究结果表明：（1）肥料添加对 Rs 的影响因肥料类型而异。氮添加显著降低 Rs 和 Rh，但不影响 Ra；磷添加对 Rs、Rh 和 Ra 没有显著影响；NP 添加显著增加 Rs，但不影响 Rh 和 Ra。（2）生态系统类型、施肥时间、施肥率和肥料形式影响 Rs 及其组成部分对施肥的响应。（3）根据我们的研究，年平均气温可能是 Rs 对施肥添加响应的驱动因素，而土壤总氮可能是 Rs 对施肥添加响应的重要预测因子。
总体而言，我们的研究强调了土壤 Rs 及其组成部分对施肥添加响应的复杂和多方面性质，强调了在预测和模拟未来 Rs 及其对全球变化的反馈时考虑多个因素的重要性。
