University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
Theor Med Bioeth. 2022 Aug;43(4):193-207. doi: 10.1007/s11017-022-09574-3. Epub 2022 Jun 10.
This essay appreciatively and critically engages the late Robert Veatch's extensive and important contributions to transplantation ethics, in the context of his overall ethical theory and his methods for resolving conflicts among ethical principles. It focuses mainly on ways to obtain and allocate organs from deceased persons, with particular attention to express donation, mandated choice, and presumed consent/routine salvaging in organ procurement and to conflicts between medical utility and egalitarian justice in organ allocation. It concludes by examining the unclear relations between Veatch's ideal moral theory and his nonideal moral theory, especially in organ allocation.
本文赞赏并批判性地探讨了已故罗伯特·维特（Robert Veatch）在移植伦理学方面的广泛而重要的贡献，探讨范围涵盖他的整体伦理理论以及他解决伦理原则冲突的方法。本文主要关注从已故者获取和分配器官的方式，特别关注表达性捐赠、强制性选择以及在器官获取中假定同意/常规抢救，以及在器官分配中医疗效用和平均主义正义之间的冲突。本文最后还探讨了维特的理想道德理论与非理想道德理论之间的关系不明确的问题，尤其是在器官分配方面。
