Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, 710069, Xi'an, China.
College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, 710069, Xi'an, China.
Nat Commun. 2022 Jun 9;13(1):3337. doi: 10.1038/s41467-022-31063-3.
The wide-ranging potencies of bioactive N-fused heterocycles inspire the development of synthetic transformations that simplify preparation of their complex, diverse structural motifs. Heteroaryl ketones are ubiquitous, readily available, and inexpensive molecular scaffolds, and are thus synthetically appealing as precursors in preparing N-fused heterocycles via intramolecular acyl-transfer. To best of our knowledge, acyl-transfer of unstrained heteroaryl ketones remains to be demonstrated. Here, we show an acyl transfer-annulation to convert heteroaryl ketones to N-fused heterocycles. Driven via aromatisation, the acyl of a heteroaryl ketone can be transferred from the carbon to the nitrogen of the corresponding heterocycle. The reaction commences with the spiroannulation of a heteroaryl ketone and an alkyl bromide, with the resulting spirocyclic intermediate undergoing aromatisation-driven intramolecular acyl transfer. The reaction conditions are optimised, with the reaction exhibiting a broad substrate scope in terms of the ketone and alkyl bromide. The utility of this protocol is further demonstrated via application to complex natural products and drug derivatives to yield heavily functionalised N-fused heterocycles.
生物活性 N-稠合杂环的广泛效力激发了合成转化的发展,这些转化简化了它们复杂多样的结构基序的制备。杂芳基酮是无处不在、易于获得且价格低廉的分子支架,因此作为通过分子内酰基转移制备 N-稠合杂环的前体,在合成上具有吸引力。据我们所知,未受约束的杂芳基酮的酰基转移仍有待证明。在这里,我们展示了一种酰基转移-环化反应,可将杂芳基酮转化为 N-稠合杂环。通过芳构化,杂芳基酮的酰基可以从碳转移到相应杂环的氮上。反应通过 spiroannulation 起始,杂芳基酮与烷基溴反应,所得的 spirocyclic 中间体经历芳构化驱动的分子内酰基转移。优化了反应条件,酮和烷基溴的反应具有广泛的底物范围。该方法的实用性通过应用于复杂天然产物和药物衍生物来进一步证明,可得到重功能化的 N-稠合杂环。