体力活动及其相关因素在埃塞俄比亚孕妇中的研究：基于计划行为理论的横断面研究。
Physical exercise and its associated factors among Ethiopian pregnant women: a cross-sectional study based on the theory of planned behavior.
机构信息
Amhara Regional State Health Bureau, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.
Department of Health Education and Behavioural Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
出版信息
BMC Psychol. 2022 Jun 9;10(1):146. doi: 10.1186/s40359-022-00847-z.
INTRODUCTION
Women in Ethiopia prefer sedentary behavior and are physically inactive during pregnancy; this increases the risks of pregnancy-related complications. Therefore, this study aimed to assess physical exercise and its associated factors among pregnant women attending Antenatal Care at Debermarkose Referral Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia: using the theory of planned behavior.
METHODS
An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted from 23rd February to 10th June, 2020. A systematic random sampling technique was used to select 333 study participants. Data were collected with face-to-face interviews using a pretested structured questionnaire. Epi-info and STATA version 14.0 were used for data entry and analysis respectively. Multivariable linear regression analysis was done to identify the association between dependent and independent factors, and p < 0.05 was used as a cutoff to determine statistical significance at multivariable logistics regressions.
RESULT
A total of 333 pregnant women were participated in this study with response rate of 98%. The proportion of variance (R) in intention accounted for the factors was 0.79. The magnitude of intention to do physical exercise during the current pregnancy was 3.8 ± 2. primary level of education (β = 0.43; 95% CI 0.25, 0.61), 2nd trimester gestational age (β = 0.19; 95% CI 0.04, 0.33), 3rd trimester gestational age (β = 0.17; 95% CI 0.02, 0.32), Attitude (β = 0.34; 95% CI 0.19, 0.49), subjective norm (β = 0.12; 95% CI 0.01, 0.23) and perceived behavioral control (β = 0.45; 95% CI 0.33, 0.57) were significantly associated with pregnant womens' intention to do physical exercise during pregnancy period.
CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
This study provided that the theory of planned behavior could be successfully applied to identify the factors related to the intention to do physical exercise during pregnancy The program designers who work on pregnancy better consider providing Information education and communication to change the attitude, work on influencing significant individuals and barriers and enabling factors.
介绍
埃塞俄比亚的女性更喜欢久坐不动的行为，并且在怀孕期间身体不活跃；这增加了与怀孕相关的并发症的风险。因此，本研究旨在使用计划行为理论评估在德伯马克瑟转诊医院接受产前保健的孕妇的体育锻炼及其相关因素：。
方法
这是一项 2020 年 2 月 23 日至 6 月 10 日进行的基于机构的横断面研究。使用系统随机抽样技术选择了 333 名研究参与者。使用经过预测试的结构化问卷进行面对面访谈收集数据。Epi-info 和 STATA 版本 14.0 分别用于数据输入和分析。多变量线性回归分析用于确定因变量和自变量之间的关联，p < 0.05 被用作多变量逻辑回归的统计学意义的截止值。
结果
共有 333 名孕妇参加了这项研究，应答率为 98%。意图的方差（R）解释因素的比例为 0.79。目前怀孕期间进行体育锻炼的意图程度为 3.8 ± 2. 小学教育水平（β=0.43；95%CI 0.25，0.61），第二孕期妊娠年龄（β=0.19；95%CI 0.04，0.33），第三孕期妊娠年龄（β=0.17；95%CI 0.02，0.32），态度（β=0.34；95%CI 0.19，0.49），主观规范（β=0.12；95%CI 0.01，0.23）和感知行为控制（β=0.45；95%CI 0.33，0.57）与孕妇在怀孕期间进行体育锻炼的意图显著相关。
结论和建议
本研究表明，计划行为理论可以成功应用于识别与怀孕期间进行体育锻炼的意图相关的因素。从事妊娠工作的方案设计者应更好地考虑提供信息、教育和沟通，以改变态度，努力影响重要人物和障碍以及使能因素。
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