Fujikawa S, Miura K
Cell Struct Funct. 1987 Feb;12(1):63-72. doi: 10.1247/csf.12.63.
Secondary hyphae of Lyophyllum ulmarium were shown to tolerate slow freezing, which allowed extracellular freezing, to -196 degrees C. A freeze-fracture study showed that under this non-lethal freezing condition, the plasma membrane of the secondary hyphae did not show any ultrastructural changes as compared with the control, except gross cellular shrinkage. Tertiary hyphae of Lyophyllum ulmarium, on the other hand, were completely injured by slow freezing to -196 degrees C, and the plasma membrane showed distinct intramembrane particle aggregation as a result of direct membrane contact caused by severe cellular deformation. It is suggested that the absence of freezing injury in the secondary hyphae was due to ultrastructural preservation of the plasma membrane, which resulted from avoidance of severe cellular deformation, while occurrence of freezing injury in the tertiary hyphae is considered to be due to ultrastructural changes in the plasma membrane caused by severe cellular deformation.
已表明榆生离褶伞的次生菌丝能够耐受缓慢冷冻，这种冷冻允许细胞外结冰至-196℃。一项冷冻蚀刻研究表明，在这种非致死性冷冻条件下，与对照相比，次生菌丝的质膜除了细胞整体收缩外，未显示出任何超微结构变化。另一方面，榆生离褶伞的三生菌丝在缓慢冷冻至-196℃时会完全受损，并且由于严重的细胞变形导致质膜直接接触，质膜显示出明显的膜内颗粒聚集。有人认为，次生菌丝中无冷冻损伤是由于质膜的超微结构得以保存，这是避免严重细胞变形的结果，而三生菌丝中冷冻损伤的发生被认为是由于严重细胞变形导致质膜超微结构变化所致。
