HydrAd:一种靶向多种免疫途径用于癌症免疫治疗的辅助依赖型腺病毒。

HydrAd: A Helper-Dependent Adenovirus Targeting Multiple Immune Pathways for Cancer Immunotherapy.

作者信息

Rosewell Shaw Amanda, Porter Caroline, Biegert Greyson, Jatta Lisa, Suzuki Masataka

机构信息

Department of Medicine, Section of Hematology/Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.

Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA.

出版信息

Cancers (Basel). 2022 Jun 2;14(11):2769. doi: 10.3390/cancers14112769.

Abstract

For decades, Adenoviruses (Ads) have been staple cancer gene therapy vectors. Ads are highly immunogenic, making them effective adjuvants. These viruses have well characterized genomes, allowing for substantial modifications including capsid chimerism and therapeutic transgene insertion. Multiple generations of Ad vectors have been generated with reduced or enhanced immunogenicity, depending on their intended purpose, and with increased transgene capacity. The latest-generation Ad vector is the Helper-dependent Ad (HDAd), in which all viral coding sequences are removed from the genome, leaving only the cis-acting ITRs and packaging sequences, providing up to 34 kb of transgene capacity. Although HDAds are replication incompetent, their innate immunogenicity remains intact. Therefore, the HDAd is an ideal cancer gene therapy vector as its infection results in anti-viral immune stimulation that can be enhanced or redirected towards the tumor via transgene expression. Co-infection of tumor cells with an oncolytic Ad and an HDAd results in tumor cell lysis and amplification of HDAd-encoded transgene expression. Here, we describe an HDAd-based cancer gene therapy expressing multiple classes of immunomodulatory molecules to simultaneously stimulate multiple axes of immune pathways: the HydrAd. Overall, the HydrAd platform represents a promising cancer immunotherapy agent against complex solid tumors.

摘要

几十年来,腺病毒一直是癌症基因治疗的主要载体。腺病毒具有高度免疫原性,使其成为有效的佐剂。这些病毒的基因组特征明确,允许进行大量修饰,包括衣壳嵌合和治疗性转基因插入。根据其预期用途,已经产生了多代免疫原性降低或增强、转基因容量增加的腺病毒载体。最新一代的腺病毒载体是依赖辅助病毒的腺病毒(HDAd),其基因组中所有病毒编码序列均被去除,仅留下顺式作用的末端重复序列(ITR)和包装序列,提供高达34kb的转基因容量。尽管HDAd无复制能力,但其固有免疫原性仍然存在。因此,HDAd是一种理想的癌症基因治疗载体,因为其感染会导致抗病毒免疫刺激,可通过转基因表达增强或重定向至肿瘤。溶瘤腺病毒与HDAd共同感染肿瘤细胞会导致肿瘤细胞裂解并放大HDAd编码的转基因表达。在此,我们描述了一种基于HDAd的癌症基因治疗方法,其表达多种免疫调节分子以同时刺激免疫途径的多个轴:HydrAd。总体而言,HydrAd平台代表了一种针对复杂实体瘤的有前景的癌症免疫治疗剂。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/f797/9179443/c0952526eb1a/cancers-14-02769-g001.jpg

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