School of Public Administration and Policy, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China.
Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 May 26;19(11):6492. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19116492.
At present, there is a lack of research examining the relationships between the built environment and health status from a social epidemiological perspective. With this in mind, the present study aimed to explore the construct validity of housing/neighborhood conditions and evaluate the associations between the built environment and self-rated health among Chinese residents. To conduct the analysis, data from 4906 participants were derived from the 2016 China Labor-force Dynamics Survey (CLDS). Specifically, we used exploratory factor analysis to identify construct of housing/neighborhood factors and performed principal component regression (PCR) to assess the relationship between the built environment and both self-rated physical health and mental health. This process identified five common factors that corresponded to the built environment, including housing affordability, housing quality, neighborhood services, neighborhood physical environment, and perceived environment. The regression results suggested that housing affordability was negatively related to health status. Meanwhile, the services, physical environment, and perceived environment of neighborhoods were related to positive health outcomes. The influence of housing on health exhibits group heterogeneity: respondents in the 41 to 65 age group were most vulnerable to poor built environments. Whilst the results indicated that housing factors and neighborhood conditions were related to health outcomes, their influence varied across different age groups. Future interventions should be intentionally designed to target housing affordability and neighborhood factors, which may include the provision of housing assistance programs and planning layouts.
目前，从社会流行病学的角度研究建筑环境与健康状况之间的关系的研究还很少。有鉴于此，本研究旨在探讨住房/邻里条件的结构效度，并评估中国居民的建筑环境与自我报告健康之间的关系。为了进行分析，本研究从 2016 年中国劳动力动态调查（CLDS）中获取了 4906 名参与者的数据。具体来说，我们使用探索性因子分析来确定住房/邻里因素的结构，并进行主成分回归（PCR）来评估建筑环境与自我报告的身体健康和心理健康之间的关系。这一过程确定了与建筑环境相对应的五个共同因素，包括住房负担能力、住房质量、邻里服务、邻里物理环境和感知环境。回归结果表明，住房负担能力与健康状况呈负相关。同时，邻里的服务、物理环境和感知环境与积极的健康结果有关。住房对健康的影响表现出群体异质性：41 岁至 65 岁的受访者最容易受到不良建筑环境的影响。尽管研究结果表明住房因素和邻里条件与健康结果有关，但它们在不同年龄组之间的影响是不同的。未来的干预措施应该有针对性地针对住房负担能力和邻里因素进行设计，其中可能包括提供住房援助计划和规划布局。
