Department of Urban Planning, College of Architecture and Urban Planning, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China.
Department of Geography and Resource Management and Institute of Space and Earth Information Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong.
Health Place. 2023 Jan;79:102971. doi: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2023.102971. Epub 2023 Jan 20.
Automobile dependence and physical inactivity have become common health challenges for residents in large suburban residential areas. Limited literature has examined the associations between the built environment and active travel in such residential areas and the differences in these associations among residents from different neighborhoods. To avoid inaccurate results potentially derived from residence-based measures, we adopt a mobility-based approach for environmental exposure assessment. Using GPS data from 530 trips made by 98 participants in a large residential area in Shanghai, we investigate the relationships between neighborhood types, pollution perceptions, built environment features and active travel. The results indicate that residents in affordable and relocation housing make fewer active trips than those in market-rate housing, while the built environment seems to mitigate this difference. Sports facilities promote active travel while commercial facilities and road intersections discourage it. We identify significant interactions between the percentage of green space and neighborhood type, as well as floor area ratio and air pollution perception. Interventions promoting active travel include active-travel-friendly design for commercial facilities and road intersections, the provision of more sports facilities, a careful increase in floor area ratio, and the provision of more green space that is attractive to residents from different neighborhoods.
汽车依赖和缺乏身体活动已成为大型郊区住宅区居民常见的健康挑战。有限的文献研究了这些住宅区的建筑环境与积极出行之间的关系，以及不同社区居民之间这些关系的差异。为了避免可能源于居住基础措施的不准确结果，我们采用基于流动性的环境暴露评估方法。利用来自上海一个大型住宅区 98 名参与者的 530 次出行的 GPS 数据，我们调查了邻里类型、污染感知、建筑环境特征与积极出行之间的关系。结果表明，经济适用房和动迁房居民的积极出行次数少于市场价房居民，而建筑环境似乎缓解了这种差异。体育设施促进积极出行，而商业设施和道路交叉口则阻碍了这种出行方式。我们发现绿地百分比和邻里类型以及建筑面积比率和空气污染感知之间存在显著的相互作用。促进积极出行的干预措施包括对商业设施和道路交叉口进行适合积极出行的设计，提供更多的体育设施，谨慎增加建筑面积比率，并提供更多对来自不同社区的居民有吸引力的绿地。
