Division of Applied Food System, Major of Food Science & Technology, Seoul Women's University, Seoul 01797, Korea.
Int J Mol Sci. 2022 May 28;23(11):6074. doi: 10.3390/ijms23116074.
Food additive zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs) are widely used as a Zn supplement in the food and agriculture industries. However, ZnO NPs are directly added to complex food-matrices and orally taken through the gastrointestinal (GI) tract where diverse matrices are present. Hence, the dissolution properties, interactions with bio- or food-matrices, and the ionic/particle fates of ZnO NPs in foods and under physiological conditions can be critical factors to understand and predict the biological responses and oral toxicity of ZnO NPs. In this review, the solubility of ZnO NPs associated with their fate in foods and the GI fluids, the qualitative and quantitative determination on the interactions between ZnO NPs and bio- or food-matrices, the approaches for the fate determination of ZnO NPs, and the interaction effects on the cytotoxicity and oral toxicity of ZnO NPs are discussed. This information will be useful for a wide range of ZnO applications in the food industry at safe levels.
食品添加剂氧化锌(ZnO)纳米粒子(NPs)广泛用作食品和农业工业中的 Zn 补充剂。然而,ZnO NPs 直接添加到复杂的食物基质中,并通过胃肠道(GI)道被口服摄入,其中存在多种基质。因此,ZnO NPs 在食品中的溶解特性、与生物或食物基质的相互作用以及在生理条件下的离子/颗粒命运,可能是理解和预测 ZnO NPs 的生物反应和口服毒性的关键因素。在本综述中,讨论了与 ZnO NPs 在食品和 GI 液中的命运相关的溶解度、ZnO NPs 与生物或食物基质之间相互作用的定性和定量测定、ZnO NPs 命运测定的方法以及对 ZnO NPs 细胞毒性和口服毒性的相互作用效应。这些信息将有助于在食品工业中以安全水平广泛应用 ZnO。
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