Rehman Irfa, Hanif Muhammad Bilal, Alghamdi Abdulaziz Salem, Khaliq Abdul, Halim K S Abdel, Subhani Tayyab, Motola Martin, Khan Abdul Faheem
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Space Technology, 1-National Highway, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan.
Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Ilkovicova 6, Mlynska Dolina, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia.
Materials (Basel). 2022 May 31;15(11):3933. doi: 10.3390/ma15113933.
Nanocomposite multi-layer TiO2/V2O5/TiO2 thin films were prepared via electron-beam evaporation using high-purity targets (TiO2 and V2O5 purity > 99.9%) at substrate temperatures of 270 °C (TiO2) and 25 °C (V2O5) under a partial pressure of oxygen of 2 × 10−4 mbar to maintain the stoichiometry. Rutherford backscattering spectrometry was used to confirm the layer structure and the optimal stoichiometry of the thin films, with a particle size of 20 to 40 nm. The thin films showed an optical transmittance of ~78% in the visible region and a reflectance of ~90% in the infrared. A decrease in transmittance was observed due to the greater cumulative thickness of the three layers and multiple reflections at the interface of the layers. The optical bandgap of the TiO2 mono-layer was ~3.49 eV, whereas that of the multi-layer TiO2/V2O5/TiO2 reached ~3.51 eV. The increase in the optical bandgap was due to the inter-diffusion of the layers at an elevated substrate temperature during the deposition. The intrinsic, structural, and morphological features of the TiO2/V2O5/TiO2 thin films suggest their efficient use as a solar water heater system.
通过电子束蒸发，使用高纯度靶材（TiO₂ 和 V₂O₅ 纯度 > 99.9%）在 270 °C（TiO₂）和 25 °C（V₂O₅）的衬底温度下，在 2 × 10⁻⁴ 毫巴的氧气分压下制备了纳米复合多层 TiO₂/V₂O₅/TiO₂ 薄膜，以维持化学计量比。使用卢瑟福背散射光谱法确认薄膜的层结构和最佳化学计量比，其粒径为 20 至 40 纳米。薄膜在可见光区域的光学透过率约为 78%，在红外区域的反射率约为 90%。由于三层的累积厚度更大以及层间界面处的多次反射，观察到透过率有所下降。TiO₂ 单层的光学带隙约为 3.49 eV，而多层 TiO₂/V₂O₅/TiO₂ 达到约 3.51 eV。光学带隙的增加是由于沉积过程中在升高的衬底温度下层间的相互扩散。TiO₂/V₂O₅/TiO₂ 薄膜的本征、结构和形态特征表明它们可有效地用作太阳能热水器系统。
