Hartono Rudi, Dalimunthe Ahmad Mubarok, Iswanto Apri Heri, Herawati Evalina, Sutiawan Jajang, de Azevedo Afonso R G
Department of Forest Products, Faculty of Forestry, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan 20155, Indonesia.
LECIV-Civil Engineering Laboratory, UENF-State University of the Northern Rio de Janeiro, Av. Alberto Lamego, 2000, Campos dos Goytacazes 28013-602, RJ, Brazil.
Polymers (Basel). 2022 May 31;14(11):2237. doi: 10.3390/polym14112237.
Sumatran elephants () are the world's largest living land mammals. The elephant's digestive system can only absorb 40% of the nutrients in digested feed, and the remainder is excreted as dung. Elephant dung waste can be used as a particleboard material due to its high fiber content. The objectives of this study are: (i) to prepare elephant dung waste as raw material for particleboard, (ii) to improve elephant dung particleboard's physical and mechanical properties using wood shavings, and (iii) to study the influence of several parameters on the physical and mechanical properties of particleboard. The particleboard dimensions and density were set at 20 cm × 20 cm × 1 cm and 0.8 g/cm, respectively. The mixture ratio of elephant dung and wood shavings was 100/0, 90/10, 80/20, 70/30, 60/40, and 50/50 (% ). This mixture ratio of particles was sprayed with 7% isocyanate adhesive. The pressing at a pressure of 30 kg/cm for 5 min and 160 °C was used in this study. The physical and mechanical properties of particleboard were tested according to JIS A 5908 (2003) standard. The result shows that the addition of wood shaving improved the elephant dung particleboard's physical and mechanical properties. Except for moisture content and water absorption, the addition of wood shavings has a significant effect on elephant dung particleboard's physical and mechanical properties. The best ratio of elephant dung and wood-shaving for this research is 50/50 and has fulfilled the JIS A 5908-2003 standard, except for thickness swelling.
苏门答腊象是世界上现存最大的陆地哺乳动物。大象的消化系统只能吸收消化饲料中40%的营养物质，其余部分则以粪便形式排出。象粪废料因其高纤维含量可作为刨花板材料。本研究的目的是：（i）将象粪废料制备为刨花板的原材料；（ii）使用木屑改善象粪刨花板的物理和力学性能；（iii）研究几个参数对刨花板物理和力学性能的影响。刨花板尺寸和密度分别设定为20厘米×20厘米×1厘米和0.8克/立方厘米。象粪与木屑的混合比例为100/0、90/10、80/20、70/30、60/40和50/50（%）。这种颗粒混合比例用7%的异氰酸酯胶粘剂进行喷涂。本研究采用在30千克/平方厘米的压力下压制5分钟且温度为160℃的工艺。刨花板的物理和力学性能根据JIS A 5908（2003）标准进行测试。结果表明，添加木屑改善了象粪刨花板的物理和力学性能。除了含水率和吸水率外，添加木屑对象粪刨花板的物理和力学性能有显著影响。本研究中象粪与木屑的最佳比例为50/50，除厚度膨胀外，已符合JIS A 5908 - 2003标准。
