Martínez Blanca Celeste Saucedo, Benavides Liliana Márquez, Santoyo Gustavo, Sánchez-Yáñez Juan Manuel
Laboratorio de Microbiología Ambiental, Instituto de Investigaciones Químico-Biológicas Ed-B3, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Morelia 58060, Mich, Mexico.
Plants (Basel). 2022 May 26;11(11):1419. doi: 10.3390/plants11111419.
Agricultural soil contamination by waste motor oil (WMO) is a worldwide environmental problem. The phytotoxicity of WMO hydrocarbons limits agricultural production; therefore, Mexican standard NOM-138-SEMARNAT/SSA1-2012 (NOM-138) establishes a maximum permissible limit of 4400 ppm for hydrocarbons in soil. The objectives of this study are to (a) biostimulate, (b) bioaugment, and (c) phytoremediate soil impacted by 60,000 ppm of WMO, to decrease it to a concentration lower than the maximum allowed by NOM-138. Soil contaminated with WMO was biostimulated, bioaugmented, and phytoremediated, and the response variables were WMO concentration, germination, phenology, and biomass of Phaseolus vulgaris. The experimental data were validated by Tukey HSD ANOVA. The maximum decrease in WMO was recorded in the soil biostimulated, bioaugmented, and phytoremediated by P. vulgaris from 60,000 ppm to 190 ppm, which was considerably lower than the maximum allowable limit of 4400 ppm of NOM-138 after five months. Biostimulation of WMO-impacted soil by detergent, mineral solution and bioaugmentation with Xanthobacter autotrophicus accelerated the reduction in WMO concentration, which allowed phytoremediation with P. vulgaris to oxidize aromatic hydrocarbons and recover WMO-impacted agricultural soil faster than other bioremediation strategies.
废机油对农业土壤的污染是一个全球性的环境问题。废机油中的碳氢化合物具有植物毒性，限制了农业生产；因此，墨西哥标准NOM - 138 - SEMARNAT/SSA1 - 2012（NOM - 138）规定土壤中碳氢化合物的最大允许限量为4400 ppm。本研究的目的是：（a）进行生物刺激，（b）进行生物强化，（c）对受60000 ppm废机油污染的土壤进行植物修复，将其浓度降低至低于NOM - 138允许的最大值。对受废机油污染的土壤进行了生物刺激、生物强化和植物修复，响应变量包括废机油浓度、菜豆的发芽、物候和生物量。实验数据通过Tukey HSD方差分析进行验证。在经过菜豆生物刺激、生物强化和植物修复的土壤中，废机油的最大降幅记录为从60000 ppm降至190 ppm。五个月后，这一浓度大大低于NOM - 138规定的4400 ppm的最大允许限量。用洗涤剂、矿物溶液对受废机油污染的土壤进行生物刺激，并用自养黄色杆菌进行生物强化，加速了废机油浓度的降低，这使得用菜豆进行植物修复能够氧化芳香烃，比其他生物修复策略更快地恢复受废机油污染的农业土壤。
