Manolikaki Ioanna, Sergentani Chrysi, Tul Safiye, Koubouris Georgios
Institute of Olive Tree, Subtropical Crops and Viticulture, ELGO DIMITRA, P.C 73134 Chania, Greece.
Plants (Basel). 2022 Jun 2;11(11):1501. doi: 10.3390/plants11111501.
Morphological characterization of olive (Olea europaea L.) varieties to detect desirable traits has been based on the training of expert panels and implementation of laborious multiyear measurements with limitations in accuracy and throughput of measurements. The present study compares two- and three-dimensional imaging systems for phenotyping a large dataset of 50 olive varieties maintained in the National Germplasm Depository of Greece, employing this technology for the first time in olive fruit and endocarps. The olive varieties employed for the present study exhibited high phenotypic variation, particularly for the endocarp shadow area, which ranged from 0.17−3.34 cm2 as evaluated via 2D and 0.32−2.59 cm2 as determined by 3D scanning. We found significant positive correlations (p < 0.001) between the two methods for eight quantitative morphological traits using the Pearson correlation coefficient. The highest correlation between the two methods was detected for the endocarp length (r = 1) and width (r = 1) followed by the fruit length (r = 0.9865), mucro length (r = 0.9631), fruit shadow area (r = 0.9573), fruit width (r = 0.9480), nipple length (r = 0.9441), and endocarp area (r = 0.9184). The present study unraveled novel morphological indicators of olive fruits and endocarps such as volume, total area, up- and down-skin area, and center of gravity using 3D scanning. The highest volume and area regarding both endocarp and fruit were observed for ‘Gaidourelia’. This methodology could be integrated into existing olive breeding programs, especially when the speed of scanning increases. Another potential future application could be assessing olive fruit quality on the trees or in the processing facilities.
通过训练专家小组并开展耗时多年的测量来检测橄榄（油橄榄，Olea europaea L.）品种的理想性状，这种方法存在测量准确性和通量方面的局限性。本研究比较了二维和三维成像系统，用于对保存在希腊国家种质库中的50个橄榄品种的大型数据集进行表型分析，这是该技术首次应用于橄榄果实和内果皮。本研究中使用的橄榄品种表现出高度的表型变异，特别是内果皮阴影面积，通过二维评估其范围为0.17−3.34平方厘米，通过三维扫描确定为0.32−2.59平方厘米。我们使用皮尔逊相关系数发现，两种方法对八个定量形态性状存在显著正相关（p < 0.001）。两种方法之间相关性最高的是内果皮长度（r = 1）和宽度（r = 1），其次是果实长度（r = 0.9865）、果尖长度（r = 0.9631）、果实阴影面积（r = 0.9573）、果实宽度（r = 0.9480）、果乳头长度（r = 0.9441）和内果皮面积（r = 0.9184）。本研究利用三维扫描揭示了橄榄果实和内果皮的新形态指标，如体积、总面积、上下果皮面积和重心。‘Gaidourelia’的内果皮和果实的体积和面积最大。这种方法可以整合到现有的橄榄育种计划中，特别是当扫描速度提高时。另一个潜在的未来应用可能是在树上或加工设施中评估橄榄果实的品质。
