Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Critical Care Medicine, Philipps University, Marburg, Germany.
J Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone Syst. 2022 May 27;2022:2549063. doi: 10.1155/2022/2549063. eCollection 2022.
The SARS-CoV-2 virus is spreading around the world, and its clinical manifestation COVID-19 is challenging medical, economic, and social systems. With more and more scientific and social media reports on the COVID-19 pandemic appearing, differences in geographical presentations and clinical management occur. Since ACE2 (angiotensin-converting enzyme 2) is the gatekeeper receptor for the SARS-CoV-2 virus in the upper bronchial system, we here focus on the central role of the renin-angiotensin aldosterone system (RAAS) in the SARS-CoV-2 virus infection, the role of pharmacological RAAS inhibitors, and specific genetic aspects, i.e., single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) for the clinical outcome of COVID-19. We aimed to bring together clinical, epidemiological, molecular, and pathophysiological and pharmacological data/observations on cardiovascular aspects in the actual SARS-CoV-2 virus pandemic. In detail, we will report controversies about the Yin-Yan between ACE2 and ACE1 and potential implications for the treatment of hypertension, coronary artery disease, and heart failure. Here, we summarize the encouraging and dynamic global effort of multiple biomedical disciplines resulted in astonishing fight against COVID-19 targeting the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, yet the race for ACE just begun.
新型冠状病毒在全球范围内传播，其引起的临床疾病 COVID-19 对医疗、经济和社会系统构成了挑战。随着越来越多的关于 COVID-19 大流行的科学和社交媒体报道出现，不同地区的临床表现和临床管理存在差异。由于 ACE2（血管紧张素转换酶 2）是 SARS-CoV-2 病毒在上呼吸道系统的守门受体，我们在此重点关注肾素-血管紧张素-醛固酮系统（RAAS）在 SARS-CoV-2 病毒感染中的核心作用、药理学 RAAS 抑制剂的作用以及特定的遗传方面，即单核苷酸多态性（SNP）对 COVID-19 的临床结果的影响。我们旨在汇集有关心血管方面的临床、流行病学、分子、病理生理学和药理学数据/观察结果，以了解当前 SARS-CoV-2 病毒大流行的情况。具体来说，我们将报告 ACE2 和 ACE1 之间的阴阳关系的争议以及对高血压、冠心病和心力衰竭治疗的潜在影响。在这里，我们总结了多个生物医学学科令人鼓舞且充满活力的全球努力，这些努力在针对肾素-血管紧张素-醛固酮系统对抗 COVID-19 方面取得了惊人的成果，但 ACE 的竞赛才刚刚开始。
