Faculty of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Podiatry, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Móstoles, Spain.
Int J Clin Pract. 2022 May 2;2022:1746782. doi: 10.1155/2022/1746782. eCollection 2022.
Intensive care units (ICUs) may produce stress on the relatives of patients that have long-term physiological and psychological implications.
This study aimed to evaluate the effects of the relatives´ visit prior to hospital admission(s) on the patient's scheduled cardiac surgery regarding depression, anxiety, and satisfaction of the patient's family in an ICU.
A randomized clinical trial [NCT03605420] was carried out according to the CONSORT criteria. Thirty-eight relatives of ICU patients were recruited at an ICU and randomized into study groups. Experimental group participants ( = 19) consisted of relatives who received 1 ICU visit prior to the patient's admission. Control group participants ( = 19) consisted of patients' relatives who received standard care alone. A self-report test battery, including the Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R) and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), was completed by the patient's relative prior to the patient's ICU admission and again three and 90 days after ICU discharge. Furthermore, the Family Satisfaction with Care in the Intensive Care Unit (FS-ICU) and Critical Care Family Needs Inventory (CCFNI) were administered to help determine the respondents' satisfaction three days after the patient's ICU discharge.
Statistically significant differences in FS-ICU results were found between control and experimental groups; no statistically significant differences were found in IES-R, HADS, and CCFNI results. Thus, members in the control group were more satisfied with the time elapsed to raise their concerns (=0.005), emotional support provided (=0.020), quality of care (=0.035), opportunities to express concerns and ask questions (=0.005), and general satisfaction with the ICU's decision-making (=0.003).
Relatives' satisfaction during patients' ICU admission may be impaired after their prior visit to the hospital admission. Relative's anxiety and depression scores did not seem to be significantly affected. Relatives´ visit prior to elective cardiac surgery hospital admission impaired their satisfaction in an ICU and may not be advisable for healthcare practice.
重症监护病房（ICU）可能会给患者的家属带来长期的生理和心理压力。
本研究旨在评估患者亲属在医院入住前进行 ICU 探视对计划接受心脏手术的患者的影响，包括 ICU 住院期间的抑郁、焦虑和家属满意度。
根据 CONSORT 标准进行了一项随机临床试验[NCT03605420]。在 ICU 招募了 38 名 ICU 患者的家属，并将其随机分为研究组。实验组（n=19）由在患者入住前接受 1 次 ICU 探视的亲属组成。对照组（n=19）由仅接受常规护理的患者亲属组成。在患者入住 ICU 之前和之后的 3 天和 90 天，患者亲属使用自我报告测试量表，包括修订后的事件影响量表（IES-R）和医院焦虑抑郁量表（HADS）进行评估。此外，还使用 ICU 家庭满意度量表（FS-ICU）和重症监护家庭需求清单（CCFNI）来评估患者出院后 3 天的家庭满意度。
对照组和实验组在 FS-ICU 结果方面存在统计学显著差异；在 IES-R、HADS 和 CCFNI 结果方面无统计学显著差异。因此，对照组的成员对提出问题的时间（=0.005）、提供的情感支持（=0.020）、护理质量（=0.035）、表达关切和提问的机会（=0.005）以及对 ICU 决策的总体满意度（=0.003）更满意。
患者亲属在 ICU 入住前进行探视可能会降低他们在 ICU 入住期间的满意度。亲属的焦虑和抑郁评分似乎没有受到显著影响。亲属在接受择期心脏手术前的 ICU 探视会降低他们对 ICU 的满意度，这在医疗实践中可能不太可取。
