Pethig R
Clin Phys Physiol Meas. 1987;8 Suppl A:5-12. doi: 10.1088/0143-0815/8/4a/002.
A review is given of the dielectric properties of various mammalian tissues and biological fluids for the frequency range from 1 Hz to 10 GHz. The properties considered are the frequency variations of the relative permittivity and electrical conductivity. An attempt has been made to present data which can be considered to be the most typical for each material. The dielectric properties of aqueous solutions of amino-acids, polypeptides, proteins, and then cells, are first outlined in order to lay the groundwork for the understanding of the properties of tissues. The electrical characteristics of various tissues and blood are presented in tabular and graphical form, and the differences between normal and cancerous tissue is also discussed. The effects of necrosis and temperature changes are described and the important contribution that water makes to the overall properties is emphasised. An insight into some of the dominant physiological and biophysical processes responsible for the dielectric properties of biological materials is also attempted, since this should aid further developments of both the diagnostic and therapeutic applications of radiofrequency and microwave radiation. Such information is also relevant to an understanding of the possible biological hazards of such radiation. The ways in which dielectric studies can aid an understanding at the molecular level of the basic physiological differences between normal and cancerous tissue, as well as of the physico-chemical state of biological water, are also described.
本文综述了1Hz至10GHz频率范围内各种哺乳动物组织和生物流体的介电特性。所考虑的特性是相对介电常数和电导率的频率变化。已尝试呈现可被视为每种材料最典型的数据。首先概述氨基酸、多肽、蛋白质水溶液以及细胞的介电特性，以便为理解组织特性奠定基础。以表格和图形形式呈现各种组织和血液的电学特性，并讨论正常组织与癌组织之间的差异。描述了坏死和温度变化的影响，并强调了水对整体特性的重要贡献。还尝试深入了解一些导致生物材料介电特性的主要生理和生物物理过程，因为这应有助于射频和微波辐射诊断及治疗应用的进一步发展。此类信息也与理解此类辐射可能的生物危害相关。还描述了介电研究有助于在分子水平理解正常组织与癌组织之间基本生理差异以及生物水的物理化学状态的方式。
