State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China.
Innovation Group of Marine Engineering Materials and Corrosion Control, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Zhuhai, 519080, P. R. China.
Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2022 Aug 8;61(32):e202206482. doi: 10.1002/anie.202206482. Epub 2022 Jul 13.
Recently, the ultra-high temperature electrochemistry (UTE, about >1000 °C) has emerged, which represents an exploration to extend the temperature limit of human technology in electrochemical engineering. UTE has far-reaching impact on revolutionary low-carbon metal extraction and the in situ production of oxygen for deep-space exploration. It is hence of urgency to systematically summarize the development of UTE. In this Review, the basic concepts of UTE and the physicochemical properties of molten oxides are analyzed. The principles in the design of inert anodes for the oxygen evolution reaction in molten oxides are discussed, which forms a solid basis for the in situ production of oxygen from simulated lunar regolith by UTE. Furthermore, liquid metal cathodes for revolutionary titanium extraction and ironmaking/steelmaking are highlighted. With emphasis on the key challenges and perspectives, the Review can provide valuable inspiration for the rapid advancement of UTE.
最近，超高温度电化学（UTE，约 >1000°C）已经出现，这代表了人类在电化学工程中对扩展温度极限的探索。UTE 对革命性的低碳金属提取和用于深空探索的原位氧气生产具有深远的影响。因此，系统地总结 UTE 的发展情况是非常紧迫的。在这篇综述中，分析了 UTE 的基本概念和熔融氧化物的物理化学性质。讨论了设计用于熔融氧化物中氧气析出反应的惰性阳极的原理，这为 UTE 从模拟月壤中就地生产氧气奠定了坚实的基础。此外，还重点介绍了用于革命性钛提取和炼铁/炼钢的液态金属阴极。强调了关键挑战和展望，这篇综述可以为 UTE 的快速发展提供有价值的启示。
