Violence and Society Centre, City, University of London, London, UK; National Centre for Social Research, London, UK.
Violence and Society Centre, City, University of London, London, UK.
Lancet Psychiatry. 2022 Jul;9(7):574-583. doi: 10.1016/S2215-0366(22)00151-1. Epub 2022 Jun 7.
Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a recognised risk factor for psychiatric disorders. There is little current evidence on IPV and self-harm and suicidality, and we therefore aimed to investigate the associations between experience of lifetime and past-year IPV with suicidal thoughts, suicide attempt, and self-harm in the past year.
We analysed the 2014 Adult Psychiatric Morbidity Survey, a cross-sectional survey of 7058 adults (aged ≥16 years) in England, which used a multistage random probability sampling design and involved face-to-face interviews. Participants were asked about experience of physical violence and sexual, economic, and emotional abuse from a current or former partner, and about suicidal thoughts, suicide attempts, and self-harm. Other adversities were recorded through an adapted version of the List of Threatening Experiences. Multivariable logistic regression models quantified associations between different indicators of lifetime and past-year IPV, with past-year non-suicidal self-harm, suicidal thoughts, and suicide attempts. All analyses were weighted.
Using weighted percentages, we found that a fifth (21·4%) of 7058 adults reported lifetime experience of IPV, and that 27·2% of women and 15·3% of men had experienced IPV. Among women, 19·6% had ever experienced emotional IPV, 18·7% physical IPV, 8·5% economic IPV, and 3·7% sexual IPV, which was higher than in men (8·6%, 9·3%, 3·6%, and 0·3%, respectively). Findings for ethnicity were unclear. Lifetime prevalence of IPV was higher in those living in rented accommodation or deprived neighbourhoods. Among people who had attempted suicide in the past year, 49·7% had ever experienced IPV and 23·1% had experienced IPV in the past year (including 34·8% of women and 9·4% of men). After adjusting for demographics, socioeconomics, and lifetime experience of adversities, the odds ratio of a past-year suicide attempt were 2·82 (95% CI 1·54-5·17) times higher in those who have ever experienced IPV, compared with those who had not. Fully adjusted odds ratios for past-year self-harm (2·20, 95% CI 1·37-3·53) and suicidal thoughts (1·85, 1·39-2·46) were also raised in those who had ever experienced IPV.
IPV is common in England, especially among women, and is strongly associated with self-harm and suicidality. People presenting to services in suicidal distress or after self-harm should be asked about IPV. Interventions designed to reduce the prevalence and duration of IPV might protect and improve the lives of people at risk of self-harm and suicide.
UK Prevention Research Partnership.
亲密伴侣暴力（IPV）是公认的精神障碍风险因素。目前关于 IPV 和自残及自杀的证据很少，因此我们旨在调查一生中经历和过去一年中经历 IPV 与自杀意念、自杀企图和过去一年中自残之间的关联。
我们分析了 2014 年成人精神发病率调查，这是一项针对英格兰 7058 名成年人（年龄≥16 岁）的横断面调查，采用多阶段随机概率抽样设计，并涉及面对面访谈。参与者被问及来自当前或前任伴侣的身体暴力、性、经济和情感虐待的经历，以及自杀意念、自杀企图和自残。通过威胁经历的改编版记录了其他逆境。多变量逻辑回归模型量化了不同指标的终生和过去一年 IPV 与过去一年非自杀性自残、自杀意念和自杀企图之间的关联。所有分析均经过加权处理。
使用加权百分比，我们发现五分之一（21.4%）的 7058 名成年人报告了一生中经历过 IPV，其中 27.2%的女性和 15.3%的男性经历过 IPV。在女性中，19.6%曾经历过情感 IPV，18.7%经历过身体 IPV，8.5%经历过经济 IPV，3.7%经历过性 IPV，高于男性（分别为 8.6%、9.3%、3.6%和 0.3%）。种族方面的结果不明确。在过去一年中尝试过自杀的人中，49.7%曾经历过 IPV，23.1%曾在过去一年中经历过 IPV（包括 34.8%的女性和 9.4%的男性）。在调整人口统计学、社会经济学和一生中经历逆境后，与未经历过 IPV 的人相比，曾经历过 IPV 的人过去一年自杀企图的优势比为 2.82（95%CI 1.54-5.17）。对于过去一年的自残（2.20，95%CI 1.37-3.53）和自杀意念（1.85，1.39-2.46），调整后的优势比也有所升高。
IPV 在英国很常见，尤其是在女性中，与自残和自杀有很强的关联。在有自杀困扰或自残后就诊的人应该询问 IPV。旨在减少 IPV 的普遍性和持续时间的干预措施可能会保护和改善有自残和自杀风险的人的生活。
英国预防研究伙伴关系。
