First Department of Microbiology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Medical School, Thessaloniki, Greece.
First Internal Medicine Department, Infectious Diseases Division, AHEPA Hospital, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece.
Anaerobe. 2022 Aug;76:102601. doi: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2022.102601. Epub 2022 Jun 7.
The epidemiology of Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) has undergone many changes since the beginning of this century and continues to evolve based on recent studies. Here, we performed a molecular analysis of C. difficile isolates in northern Greece across 10 health-care facilities, spanning from 2016 to 2019.
221 C. difficile isolates were cultured from stool samples of hospitalized patients with diarrhea and screened by PCR for the presence of the toxin A (tcdA), toxin B (tcdB), the binary toxin (cdtA and cdtB) genes and the regulating gene of tcdC. PCR ribotyping of the cultured isolates was performed by a standardized protocol for capillary gel-based PCR ribotyping and an international database with well-documented reference strains.
Thirty-five different PCR ribotypes were identified. The most common RTs identified were: 181 (36%, 80/221), 017 (10%, 21/221), 126 (9%, 19/221), 078 (4%, 9/221) and 012 (4%, 8/221). Notably, the predominant RT181, with toxin profile tcdAtcdBcdtAcdtB, was identified in seven out of ten participating hospitals.
Multiple C. difficile ribotypes have been circulating in the northern Greece region with RTs 181 (closely related to 027), 017, 126 and 078 being predominant.
自本世纪初以来，艰难梭菌感染（CDI）的流行病学发生了许多变化，并根据最近的研究继续演变。在这里，我们对希腊北部 10 家医疗机构在 2016 年至 2019 年期间的艰难梭菌分离株进行了分子分析。
从患有腹泻的住院患者的粪便样本中培养了 221 株艰难梭菌分离株，并通过 PCR 筛查毒素 A（tcdA）、毒素 B（tcdB）、二元毒素（cdtA 和 cdtB）基因和 tcdC 调节基因的存在情况。通过标准化毛细管凝胶电泳 PCR 核糖体分型方案和具有详细记录的参考菌株的国际数据库对培养分离株进行 PCR 核糖体分型。
确定了 35 种不同的 PCR 核糖体分型。鉴定出的最常见 RTs 为：181（36%，80/221）、017（10%，21/221）、126（9%，19/221）、078（4%，9/221）和 012（4%，8/221）。值得注意的是，主要 RT181，具有 tcdAtcdBcdtAcdtB 毒素谱，在十个参与医院中的七个中被鉴定出来。
多种艰难梭菌核糖体分型在希腊北部地区流行，其中 RT181（与 027 密切相关）、017、126 和 078 占主导地位。
