University of California, Davis, Davis, CA.
Smithsonian National Zoological Park, Washington, DC.
Vet Pathol. 2022 Sep;59(5):782-786. doi: 10.1177/03009858221102598. Epub 2022 Jun 10.
Raccoons () are abundant in urban/wildland interfaces and are key sources of canine distemper virus (CDV) outbreaks in domestic, zoo, and free-ranging wildlife species. CDV is pantropic, which provides multiple potential routes of transmission (urine, respiratory secretions, feces), but the specific role of skin as a target of infection, as a diagnostic sample, or as a potential source of environmental persistence and transmission is unknown. We have characterized the distribution of CDV and its known receptor, nectin-4, in skin samples of 36 raccoons. Even with skin samples that were grossly and histologically normal, immunohistochemistry of skin was useful in the diagnosis of CDV infection, which was found in both epithelium and endothelium. Nectin-4 was codistributed with cellular targets of viral infection. Skin secretions, shed keratinocytes, and hair of CDV infected raccoons are all potential environmental fomites.
浣熊在城市/野生生物交错带大量存在，是犬瘟热病毒（CDV）在犬科动物、动物园和自由放养野生动物种群中爆发的关键来源。CDV 是泛嗜性的，这为多种潜在的传播途径（尿液、呼吸道分泌物、粪便）提供了条件，但皮肤作为感染靶标、诊断样本或作为环境持久性和传播的潜在来源的具体作用尚不清楚。我们已经对 36 只浣熊的皮肤样本中 CDV 及其已知受体 nectin-4 的分布进行了描述。即使是在肉眼和组织学上正常的皮肤样本中，皮肤免疫组织化学也有助于诊断 CDV 感染，这种感染在表皮和内皮中均有发现。nectin-4 与病毒感染的细胞靶标共分布。感染 CDV 的浣熊的皮肤分泌物、脱落的角质形成细胞和毛发都是潜在的环境传播媒介。
