Clinical Research Dept., Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Research Centre for Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
Microb Pathog. 2022 Aug;169:105618. doi: 10.1016/j.micpath.2022.105618. Epub 2022 Jun 8.
The prevalence and variety complaints of COVID-19 cases in a long term have been investigated in recent studies. The symptoms over the time are various and unpredictable which may persist several weeks after full recovery. The importance of long-COVID-19 manifestations includes its effect on the recovered cases which requires a rational management based on an accurate guideline to handle post-acute COVID-19 state. The aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence of post-acute COVID-19 syndrome and to identify the associated risk factors as well as to compare new and persistent symptoms at different post-acute phases. Totally 254 individuals from Pasteur Institute of Iran (or/and their relatives) were investigated who had a previously confirmed COVID-19 PCR test. The long-term manifestations of the virus were categorized through a time window as acute, ongoing, post-COVID and persistent phases and the individuals were assessed by the face-to-face or the phone call interview according to their complaints. The data were then statistically analyzed to determine the frequency of the symptoms and also the associated factors in which a p value < 0.05 was considered significant. Except a small asymptotic group of five, 249 cases progressed the symptoms to acute phase among which 64.1% reported at least one symptom in post-acute phase. Neurological sequelae were found as the most frequent symptom (91.6%). Furthermore, there was a significant association between the underlying diseases, age and acute phase symptoms to the post-acute phase syndrome susceptibility (p < 0.05). In conclusion, the increasing number of the reports and studies on long COVID-19 which can hugely affect the life quality should be more investigated and explored in terms of the pathophysiology to achieve appropriate treatments in time. The clusters of symptoms, specially a combination of neurological signs, presenting over months after the recovery impose a huge difficulty to the recovered population.
最近的研究调查了 COVID-19 病例在长期内的流行率和各种症状。随着时间的推移，症状多种多样且不可预测，可能在完全康复后持续数周。长 COVID-19 表现的重要性在于其对已康复病例的影响，这需要基于准确的指南进行合理管理，以处理急性 COVID-19 后状态。本研究旨在评估急性 COVID-19 后综合征的发生率，并确定相关的危险因素，以及比较不同急性 COVID-19 后阶段的新症状和持续症状。总共调查了来自伊朗巴斯德研究所的 254 名个体（或/和他们的亲属），他们之前已经进行过 COVID-19 PCR 检测。病毒的长期表现通过时间窗口分为急性、持续、COVID 后和持续阶段，根据患者的症状通过面对面或电话访谈进行评估。然后对数据进行统计学分析，以确定症状的频率以及相关因素，其中 p 值<0.05 被认为具有统计学意义。除了一小部分（5 人）无症状患者外，249 例患者进展为急性症状，其中 64.1%的患者在急性 COVID-19 后阶段报告至少有一种症状。神经系统后遗症是最常见的症状（91.6%）。此外，基础疾病、年龄和急性症状与急性 COVID-19 后阶段综合征易感性之间存在显著关联（p<0.05）。总之，越来越多的关于长 COVID-19 的报告和研究表明，它会极大地影响生活质量，应该从病理生理学方面进行更多的研究和探索，以便及时进行适当的治疗。在康复人群中，数月后出现的一系列症状，特别是神经体征的组合，带来了巨大的困难。
