Institute of Nephrology and Blood Purification, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China; Clinical Medical Research Center, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Autoimmune Disease Precision Medicine, Shenzhen Engineering Research Center of Autoimmune Disease, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Jinan University, Shenzhen, China.
Clinical Medical Research Center, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Autoimmune Disease Precision Medicine, Shenzhen Engineering Research Center of Autoimmune Disease, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Jinan University, Shenzhen, China.
Autoimmun Rev. 2022 Aug;21(8):103134. doi: 10.1016/j.autrev.2022.103134. Epub 2022 Jun 9.
Lupus nephritis (LN) is a complicated autoimmune disease marked by out-of-balance of immunological reactivity and immune tolerance. With the advance of immunotherapy in human disease, regulatory T (Treg) cells serve a crucial function in immune tolerance regulation and are characterized with suppression function as one of the most important research hotspots for autoimmunity diseases. In recent years, Treg cells have shown the robust potential for treatment to autoimmunity diseases like type I diabetic mellitus and rheumatoid arthritis. However, Treg cell therapy is poorly understood for LN patients. This review aims to summarize new insights for Treg-targeting techniques in LN patients. The current data regarding the biology features of Treg cells in LN patients is discussed. The propotion of Treg cells in LN patients have contradictory results regarding the use of different molecular markers. Forkhead box protein 3 (FOXP3) are hallmarks for control function of Treg cells. Treg cells can directly or indirectly target T cells and B cells by playing supressive role. The molecular targets for Treg cells in LN patients includes gene variants, miRNAs, and inflammatory related factors. Based on the current knowledge of Treg cell biology, several therapeutic strategies could be used to treat LN: cell transplantation, low dose IL-2 treatment, drugs target the balance of Treg and type 17 T helper (Th17) cells, and Chinese medicine.
狼疮肾炎（LN）是一种复杂的自身免疫性疾病，其特征为免疫反应和免疫耐受失衡。随着人类疾病免疫疗法的进步，调节性 T（Treg）细胞在免疫耐受调节中起着至关重要的作用，其抑制功能是自身免疫性疾病的最重要研究热点之一。近年来，Treg 细胞已显示出在治疗 1 型糖尿病和类风湿关节炎等自身免疫性疾病方面的强大潜力。然而，LN 患者的 Treg 细胞治疗仍知之甚少。本综述旨在总结 LN 患者中 Treg 靶向技术的新见解。讨论了目前关于 LN 患者 Treg 细胞生物学特征的研究数据。关于不同分子标志物的应用，LN 患者 Treg 细胞的比例存在矛盾的结果。叉头框蛋白 3（FOXP3）是 Treg 细胞控制功能的标志。Treg 细胞可以通过发挥抑制作用直接或间接地靶向 T 细胞和 B 细胞。LN 患者 Treg 细胞的分子靶点包括基因变异、miRNAs 和炎症相关因子。基于 Treg 细胞生物学的现有知识，可以使用几种治疗策略来治疗 LN：细胞移植、低剂量 IL-2 治疗、靶向 Treg 和 17 型辅助性 T（Th17）细胞平衡的药物以及中药。
