Tissue Expression Analysis, Cloning, and Characterization of the 5'-Regulatory Region of the Bovine 1 Gene.

As a member of the large tumor suppressor () gene family, 1 plays an important role in regulating muscle growth and development. In this study, we determined the distinct exhibit patterns of tissue expression of bovine 1. Further, we determined the functional proximal minimal promoter of bovine 1 and identified the key transcription factors in the core promoter region to elucidate its molecular regulation mechanism. The results showed that bovine 1 was highly expressed in the and upregulation in infancy muscle. An electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay in combination with site-directed mutation and small interfering RNA (siRNA) interference demonstrated that myogenic differentiation 1 (Myod1) and myocyte enhancer factor 2A (MEF2A) binding in the core promoter region (-298/-123 bp) play important roles in the transcriptional regulation of the bovine 1 promoter. Taken together, these interactions provide insight into the regulatory mechanisms of 1 transcription in mediating skeletal muscle growth in cattle.