Chan Carol K, Pimentel Maldonado Daniela A, Wang Yujie, Obando Danielle, Hughes Abbey J, Newsome Scott D
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States.
Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States.
Front Neurol. 2022 May 27;13:865462. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2022.865462. eCollection 2022.
An emerging body of evidence suggests that changes in cognitive and emotional function are common aspects of stiff person spectrum disorders (SPSD). We sought to examine the pattern of cognitive impairment and psychiatric symptoms in SPSD.
A retrospective review of medical records was conducted for patients seen at the Johns Hopkins Stiff Person Syndrome (SPS) center from 1997 to January 1st, 2020. Individuals who had received formal cognitive testing as part of routine clinical care for patient-reported cognitive changes were included. Demographics, prevalence of cognitive impairment, psychoactive medication use, and clinically significant psychiatric symptoms were described.
Out of 205 patients screened, 20 completed cognitive testing (75% female, mean age 47.4 years). The most common domains of impairment were verbal learning and recall memory ( = 14, 70%), verbal fluency ( = 10, 50%), processing speed ( = 8, 40%), and attention ( = 8, 40%). 9/11 patients assessed for depression reported clinically significant symptoms, and 4/9 patients assessed for anxiety reported clinically significant symptoms.
Screening for cognitive impairment in SPSD should utilize testing that assesses verbal learning and recall, phonemic verbal fluency, attention, and processing speed. Moreover, it is important to evaluate for co-existing depression and anxiety symptoms, as these are common in SPSD.
越来越多的证据表明，认知和情绪功能的变化是僵人谱系障碍（SPSD）的常见特征。我们试图研究SPSD中的认知障碍模式和精神症状。
对1997年至2020年1月1日在约翰·霍普金斯僵人综合征（SPS）中心就诊的患者的病历进行回顾性研究。纳入那些因患者报告的认知变化而接受正式认知测试作为常规临床护理一部分的个体。描述了人口统计学、认知障碍患病率、精神活性药物使用情况以及具有临床意义的精神症状。
在筛查的205名患者中，20名完成了认知测试（75%为女性，平均年龄47.4岁）。最常见的受损领域是言语学习和回忆记忆（n = 14，70%）、言语流畅性（n = 10，50%）、处理速度（n = 8，40%）和注意力（n = 8，40%）。接受抑郁症评估的11名患者中有9名报告了具有临床意义的症状，接受焦虑症评估的9名患者中有4名报告了具有临床意义的症状。
SPSD的认知障碍筛查应采用评估言语学习和回忆、音素言语流畅性、注意力和处理速度的测试。此外，评估并存的抑郁和焦虑症状很重要，因为这些在SPSD中很常见。
