Soltaninejad Hossein, Alizadeh Zarei Mehdi, Akbarfahimi Malahat, Azad Akram, Rabiei Farzad
Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Rehabilitation, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation Research Center, School of Rehabilitation, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Basic Clin Neurosci. 2021 Nov-Dec;12(6):837-848. doi: 10.32598/bcn.2021.2732.1. Epub 2021 Nov 1.
Activities of Daily Living (ADL), as an ultimate goal of rehabilitation, rely on cultural and environmental factors. This study aimed to develop a questionnaire based on the occupational therapy practice frame to accurately evaluate Iranian children's occupational performance.
This scale was developed in two phases of planning and construction. The planning phase involved a literature review and a collection of the available evaluation tools in the area. The advice of two expert panels was used to develop a preliminary 87-item questionnaire. In the construction phase, 40 parents were surveyed to assess the popularity of the activities in Iran. After a face to content validation, the final version of the questionnaire was prepared with 93 items.
The final 93-item questionnaire was used to assess the ADL of 3-6-year-old children. The 93 items, selected according to criteria found in the literature and the panel of experts, were categorized into six ranges of occupational therapy practice framework (bathing/washing/personal hygiene, toileting, dressing, eating/feeding, functional mobility, and others).
The ADL in Iranian children is a practical and culturally relevant tool for measuring the occupational performance of Iranian children. It can be used in clinical and population-based research.
ADLs are essential and routine tasks required to independent and healthy living.The active participation of the child in ADL during development has a positive effect on the development of sensory and cognitive functions of the brain.ADLs are highly dependent on contextual and ecological factors, such as parenting style, the environment and given context.The ADLIC tool is a standard, culturally adapted tool that can be used by occupational therapists to assess ADLS in Iranian children.
The ADLs referred to Self Care Skills, which play a major role in a child overall functional growth, confidence and independence. The healthy individuals can perform these life skills without assistance. The inability to accomplish essential ADLs may lead to unsafe conditions and poor quality of life. Due to the importance of these activities during the development of the child, it is necessary for Iranian children to be evaluated in terms of independence in these activities so that in case of disorder, the necessary counseling and education can be provided by occupational therapists.
日常生活活动（ADL）作为康复的最终目标，依赖于文化和环境因素。本研究旨在基于职业治疗实践框架开发一份问卷，以准确评估伊朗儿童的职业表现。
该量表分规划和构建两个阶段开发。规划阶段包括文献综述和收集该领域现有的评估工具。利用两个专家小组的建议编制了一份初步的87项问卷。在构建阶段，对40名家长进行了调查，以评估这些活动在伊朗的受欢迎程度。经过内容效度验证后，编制了最终版的93项问卷。
最终的93项问卷用于评估3至6岁儿童的ADL。根据文献和专家小组确定的标准选择的这93项被分为职业治疗实践框架的六个范围（洗澡/洗漱/个人卫生、如厕、穿衣、进食/喂食、功能性移动及其他）。
伊朗儿童ADL量表是一种实用且与文化相关的工具，用于测量伊朗儿童的职业表现。它可用于临床和基于人群的研究。
ADL是独立健康生活所需的基本日常任务。儿童在发育过程中积极参与ADL对大脑的感觉和认知功能发展有积极影响。ADL高度依赖于背景和生态因素，如养育方式、环境和特定情境。ADLIC工具是一种经过文化调适的标准工具，职业治疗师可用于评估伊朗儿童的ADL。
ADL指自我护理技能，在儿童的整体功能成长、自信心和独立性方面发挥着重要作用。健康个体无需协助就能执行这些生活技能。无法完成基本的ADL可能导致不安全状况和生活质量低下。由于这些活动在儿童发育过程中的重要性，有必要对伊朗儿童在这些活动中的独立性进行评估，以便在出现障碍时，职业治疗师能够提供必要的咨询和教育。
