Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Iran J Med Sci. 2024 Sep 1;49(9):530-549. doi: 10.30476/ijms.2024.100756.3325. eCollection 2024 Sep.
Assessment tools are essential in occupational therapy for providing client-centered care, clinical decision-making, evidence-based documentation, and defining expected outcomes. This study investigated available occupational therapy assessment tools for children and adolescents in Iran.
A comprehensive search was conducted in MEDLINE, PubMed Central, Web of Science, Embase, Scopus, SID, Magiran, and Google Scholar from their inception until May 24, 2022. Two reviewers screened records and applied inclusion criteria focused on peer-reviewed articles in English or Persian, covering children and adolescents aged 0-18 years old in Iran. The methodological quality of each study and the evidence quality of each measurement tool was assessed using the COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement INstruments (COSMIN) Risk of Bias Checklist, and the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) approach.
A review of 66 articles published between 2010 and 2021, identified 51 assessment tools. The majority of tools (70.7%) targeted typically developing children and those with cerebral palsy, with limited options for adolescents (n=5) and infants (n=1). These tools primarily focused on assessing body functions (47.06%), particularly sensory-motor functions. While numerous tools demonstrated good reliability (66.67%) and significant content validity (31.37%), there was a paucity of high-quality evidence supporting other psychometric properties.
This study identified 51 occupational therapy assessment tools for Iranian children and adolescents. However, the present research identified some concerning trends, such as lack of tools available for specific populations, an overreliance on translated tools, and a predominant focus on body functions. Moreover, there were concerns about the methodological quality of studies using these tools.
评估工具对于提供以客户为中心的护理、临床决策、循证文件记录以及确定预期结果至关重要。本研究调查了伊朗现有的儿童和青少年职业治疗评估工具。
从 2022 年 5 月 24 日起，我们在 MEDLINE、PubMed Central、Web of Science、Embase、Scopus、SID、Magiran 和 Google Scholar 上进行了全面检索。两位评审员筛选了记录并应用了纳入标准，重点是英语或波斯语的同行评议文章，涵盖了年龄在 0-18 岁的伊朗儿童和青少年。使用共识基础的健康测量工具选择标准（COSMIN）偏倚风险检查表和推荐分级评估、制定与评价（GRADE）方法评估了每项研究的方法学质量和每个测量工具的证据质量。
对 2010 年至 2021 年期间发表的 66 篇文章进行了审查，确定了 51 种评估工具。这些工具中，大多数（70.7%）针对正常发育的儿童和脑瘫儿童，而针对青少年（n=5）和婴儿（n=1）的选择有限。这些工具主要侧重于评估身体功能（47.06%），特别是感觉运动功能。虽然许多工具具有良好的可靠性（66.67%）和显著的内容有效性（31.37%），但支持其他心理测量特性的高质量证据却很少。
本研究确定了 51 种适用于伊朗儿童和青少年的职业治疗评估工具。然而，目前的研究发现了一些令人担忧的趋势，例如针对特定人群的工具缺乏、对翻译工具的过度依赖以及对身体功能的过分关注。此外，使用这些工具的研究的方法学质量也存在问题。
