Li Liangning, Li Wenping, Lv Zhenmeng, Zhou Shan, Zhou Kai, Tian Jiawei, Cheng Yi, Wang Qiqing
School of Resources and Geosciences, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu, China.
School of Earth Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, Zhejiang, China.
ACS Omega. 2022 May 25;7(22):18292-18305. doi: 10.1021/acsomega.2c00160. eCollection 2022 Jun 7.
Coal remains the largest contributor to the energy structure of China. However, coal production is frequently threatened by groundwater inrush accidents caused by hydraulically conductive faults. Despite the threat of such accidents, research on methods for evaluating fault hydraulic conductive property without hydraulic tests has seldom been conducted. Many faults exist in coal mines in Shandong, China. However, due to economic and technical limitations, hydrological tests are rarely performed and can be performed on only a few faults. The hydraulic conductive property of many faults is unknown, which has prevented serious groundwater inrush accidents and casualties from being avoided. Using accessible geological exploration data, we propose a method for evaluating fault hydraulic conductive property in the Jining coalfield, Shandong, China. Mudstone smearing, lithologic contact relations on the fault plane, geostress, water pressure, plastic deformation of mudstone, and the argillaceous content of the fault zone were selected as factors, and six quantitative indicators were proposed: the shale gouge ratio (SGR), lithologic juxtaposition diagram (LJD), fault closure coefficient (FCC), water pressure coefficient (WPC), mudstone deformation coefficient (MDC), and shale smear factor (SSF). The fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP) was applied to calculate the weights and establish lateral and vertical hydraulic conductive property (L and V) evaluation models for faults. The fault hydraulic conductivities were then classified as weak, medium, or strong. The hydrochemical experiments and the limited number of exposed faults were used for validation. Hence, the evaluation models were considered effective at determining the hydraulic conductive property of faults in the Jining coalfield, China.
煤炭仍然是中国能源结构的最大贡献者。然而，煤炭生产经常受到导水断层引发的突水事故的威胁。尽管存在此类事故的威胁，但很少有人对不进行水力试验的断层导水性能评估方法进行研究。中国山东的煤矿存在许多断层。然而，由于经济和技术限制，水文试验很少进行，且只能在少数断层上进行。许多断层的导水性能未知，这使得严重的突水事故和人员伤亡难以避免。利用可获取的地质勘探数据，我们提出了一种评估中国山东济宁煤田断层导水性能的方法。选择泥岩涂抹、断层面上的岩性接触关系、地应力、水压、泥岩塑性变形和断层带泥质含量作为因素，并提出了六个定量指标：页岩碎粒比（SGR）、岩性并列图（LJD）、断层封闭系数（FCC）、水压系数（WPC）、泥岩变形系数（MDC）和页岩涂抹因子（SSF）。应用模糊层次分析法（FAHP）计算权重，并建立断层横向和纵向导水性能（L和V）评估模型。然后将断层导水率分为弱、中、强三类。利用水化学实验和有限数量的暴露断层进行验证。因此，该评估模型被认为在确定中国济宁煤田断层的导水性能方面是有效的。
